An analysis of the daily district wise rainfall data from India Meteorological Department (IMD) for the month of June 2024, the first month of India’s South West Monsoon 2024 shows that there were 384 instances (451 in June 2023[i], 462 in June 2022[ii] and 442 in June 2021) when district rainfall of a day was above 50 mm. This, like the monthly rainfall for June, is the lowest figure for June for the last four years. The rainfall of India in June 2024 was 147.2 mm[iii], the rainfall in June 2023 was 148.6 mm, the rainfall of India in June 2022 was 152.3 mm[iv]. The data and analysis are based on IMD’s daily district wise rainfall bulletins for the 24 hours ending at 0830 am each day.
The distribution of number of high rainfall events in various rainfall ranges (50-100 mm, 100-150 mm, 150-200 mm, 200-250 mm and above 250 mm) and for various regions for June 2021 to 2024 can be seen in following table.
| June 2021 | June 2022 | June 2023 | June 2024 | |
| 50-100 mm | 371 | 339 | 370 | 309 |
| 100-150 mm | 59 | 68 | 59 | 59 |
| 150-200 mm | 5 | 26 | 16 | 8 |
| Over 200 mm | 7 | 29 | 6 | 8 |
| TOTAL | 440 | 462 | 451 | 384 |
| June All India rainfall, mm | 182.9 | 152.3 | 148.6 | 147.2 |
| North East | 120 | 304 | 187 | 193 |
| East | 129 | 65 | 75 | 70 |
| North | 15 | 20 | 20 | 9 |
| West | 101 | 36 | 156 | 48 |
| South | 77 | 37 | 13 | 64 |
| No of districts that had such instances | 219 | 154 | 214 | 153 |
The number of districts having such high rainfall events in June is also lowest among the last four years. The number of such events is also lowest for North and West India as can be seen from the table above.
High Rainfall district days in June 2024 Out of 729 districts of India, 153 districts or about 21% of the districts experienced high rainfall days in June 2024. There were some districts that had more than one such high rainfall days in June 2024. The highest number of such instances were seen in Assam (64), Meghalaya (63), W Bengal (40) and Arunachal Pradesh (32) of East and North East India, where for the 77 districts that belong to these four states, there were 199 instances when rainfall was above 50 mm, or about 52% of total such instances of June 2024 for entire. India.
Among the five regions of India (North, South, East, West and North East), North East India had the highest number of such instances (193) in June 2024, followed by East India (70). North India had by far the least such instances at just 9, the lowest in any region in last four years.
North East India
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in June 2024 (Total no of districts) | No of dist days with rainfall 50-100 mm | No of dist days with Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of dist days with Rainfall 150-200 | No of dist days with Rainfall 200-250 mm | No of dist days with Rainfall over 250 mm | Total no of dist days with rainfall over 50 mm |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 12 (16) | 24 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 32 |
| Assam | 19 (27) | 48 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 64 |
| Meghalaya | 10 (11) | 38 | 17 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 63 |
| Nagaland | 1 (11) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Manipur | 1 (9) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Mizoram | 4 (8) | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| Tripura | 6 (8) | 14 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| Sikkim | 6 (6) | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| North East India | 59 (96) | 142 | 38 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 193 |
East India
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in June 2024 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall 200-250 mm | No of district days when Rainfall over 250 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| W Bengal | 6 (23) | 31 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 40 |
| Odisha | 8 (30) | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| Jharkhand | 1 (24) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Bihar | 8 (38) | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 9 (75) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| East India | 32 (190) | 60 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 70 |
North India
| State/ Union Territory | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in June 2024 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall 200-250 mm | No of district days when Rainfall over 250 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Uttarakhand | 1 (13) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Haryana | 0 (22) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chandigarh | 0 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Delhi | 6 (9) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Punjab | 1 (22) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 0 (12) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jammu & Kashmir | 1 (20) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Ladakh | 0 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| North India | 9 (101) | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
West India
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in June 2024 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall 200-250 mm | No of district days when Rainfall over 250 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Rajasthan | 1 (33) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 5 (52) | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Diu Daman Dadra-Nagarhaveli | 1 (3) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Gujarat | 1 (33) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Goa | 2 (2) | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| Maharashtra | 10 (36) | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
| Chhattisgarh | 3 (33) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| West India | 23 (192) | 45 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 |
South India
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in June 2024 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall 200-250 mm | No of district days when Rainfall over 250 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Andhra Pradesh | 3 (26) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Telangana | 4 (33) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Tamil Nadu | 0 (38) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Puducherry | 1 (4) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Karnataka | 7 (31) | 17 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Kerala | 12 (14) | 21 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
| Lakshadweep | 1 (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Andaman & Nicobar | 2 (3) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| South India | 30 (150) | 57 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 |
INDIA
| Region | No of Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in June 2024 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall 200-250 mm | No of district days when Rainfall over 250 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| North East | 59 /96 | 142 (152) | 38 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 193 (187) |
| East | 32 /190 | 60 (65) | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 70 (75) |
| North | 9 /101 | 5 (19) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 (20) |
| West | 23 /192 | 45 (121) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 (156) |
| South | 30 /150 | 57 (13) | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 (13) |
| INDIA | 153 /729 | 309 (370) | 59 (59) | 8 (16) | 4 (5) | 4 (5) | 384 (451) |
In the table above, the figures given in the brackets are for the month of June 2023 for the respective parameters. We can see that the total number of high rainfall district days in June 2024 are much lower than those in June 2023 or even those in 2022 and 2021. This is. Largely due to lower rainfall in June 2024 compared to June in earlier years.
We can see the much lower number of high rainfall district days occurring in West India and North India in June 2024 compared to those in June 2023. In South India the situation is opposite with June 2024 seeing much higher number of high rainfall district days compared to those in June 2023. In East and North East India, the figures for June 2023 and those in June 2024 are comparable.
SANDRP (ht.sandrp@gmail.com)
END NOTES:
[i] https://sandrp.in/2023/07/09/june-2023-high-rainfall-district-days-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[ii] https://sandrp.in/2022/07/14/june-2022-high-rainfall-district-days-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[iii] https://sandrp.in/2023/07/07/june-2023-district-wise-rainfall-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[iv] https://sandrp.in/2022/06/30/june-2022-district-wise-rainfall-in-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
SANDRP 