(Feature Image: Tribals in Siang river belt in Arunachal Pradesh demonstrating against a proposed mega hydropower dam. Photo Credit: Special Arrangement/The Hindu)
All through 2024, the vulnerable communities across Himalayan states have continued their resistance and struggles against proposed, under construction & damaged hydro and dam projects as can be seen in this yearend roundup.
The tribals in Siang valley have been urging Central and State govts to stop pushing the giant SUMP. In Teesta valley the GLOF, flood and landslide though have served as wake-up call, the planners seem to ignore the warnings. Facing adverse impacts, the native people in Manipur have resolved to stop further extension to Loktak lake HEP. In Nagaland, fearing damages, the villagers have made the future of Dikhu HEP uncertain.
In contrast, the local people in Northwest Himalayan regions continue to suffer from blatant violation of norms, struggle to get promised rehabilitation, compensation and employments be it ongoing Ratle HEP in J&K, Pipalkoti Vishnugad, Tapovan Vishnugad HEPs in Uttarakhand or already built Pong dam in Himachal. The accidents and disasters at Multhan, Malana and Joshimath by the destructive projects have only worsened their plight.
Disappointingly, the concerns and disasters have seemingly failed to change the ‘learn no lesson’ approach and abysmal track record of dam developers including NHPC, SJVN in Sikkim, Himachal, J&K and Uttarakhand. Nevertheless, it offers important lessons to other Himalayan communities specially to the indigenous people of Siang and Dibang valley to see through their plans, promises and realities.
The first part of the annual overview documenting accidents and disasters impacting hydro power and dam projects in India in 2024 can be seen here. SANDRP’s previous overview on people’s resistance against dam and hydro projects can be seen here 2023, 2022.
North East Himalayan States
Arunachal Pradesh: SUMP Arunachal needs dialogue on dams Hundreds of People of Siang, East Siang and Upper Siang Districts came out in peaceful protests on Dec 14 2024. They opposed the govt effort to deploy armed central and state police forces for a pre-feasibility study for the 12500 MW hydropower project on Siang River, a tributary of Brahmaputra River.
Indeed, as remarkably articulate report by in Arunachal Times said, Siang needs dialogue not guns. In fact, the Chief Minister recently and even the Prime Minister and Union Home Minister had earlier promised to the people of the state that if they do not want big dams, such projects will not be taken without people’s consent as there were options for power and development.
This proposed, one of the largest capacity hydropower projects in the world has little merit, considering the inherent disaster potential of the biodiversity rich area, climate change induced acceleration of the disasters and the destruction that the proposed dam will impose in this area. Hydropower projects in any case are outdated and inappropriate here, also considering the options available. Hope better sense prevails and local people and the country gets democratic decision-making process. https://sandrp.in/2024/12/16/drp-nb-161224-arunachal-pradesh-needs-dialogue-on-dams/ (16 Dec. 2024)
Civil society urge President to help stop SUMP survey The statement issued by the People for Himalaya and Youth for Himalaya said the SUMP has been a raging controversy in Arunachal Pradesh for years given the opposition of the Adi tribe inhabiting one of India’s most important Himalayan biodiversity hotspots. “We stand in complete solidarity with the SIFF that has been making submissions to the government and carrying out peaceful and democratic protests against the construction of the mega hydropower dam. It is disturbing that the State and Central governments have turned around on its promise made a few months ago that no activity of the project shall be initiated without the consent of the people,” the statement said.
Calling for a review of India’s hydropower plans in the Himalayas, the petition said the NHPC’s 2,000 MW Subansiri Lower HEP was an example of “denting the public exchequer” by undertaking the project without necessary geological risk assessment or disaster potential assessment. The signatories demanded that the trust and faith of the indigenous population in constitutional democracy be maintained through the use of democratic consultations and processes of the consent of the villagers rather than threat, force, and intimidation. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/arunachal-pradesh/civil-society-outfits-urge-president-to-help-stop-hydropower-project-survey-in-arunachal/article69009233.ece (21 Dec. 2024) Environmentalists warned of potential disasters, citing recent catastrophic events in the Himalayas linked to climate change and large-scale hydro projects. “The people of Siang Valley are acutely aware of their fragile landscape and the hazards associated with such massive construction,” the letter stated. It also highlighted instances where hydropower dams in the region failed or exacerbated disasters, including the 2013 Uttarakhand floods and the 2023 glacial lake outburst in Sikkim. https://newsarenaindia.com/states/resistance-to-siang-dam-grows-president-s-help-sought/31320 (20 Dec. 2024) They added that these events not only destroyed hydropower infrastructure worth hundreds of crores but also swept away public infrastructure and private properties, including houses, farms, and fields downstream of the dams. Flood and landslide-related casualties have also been on the rise in the Himalayan region in recent years. These events are increasing the disaster potential of the region, as shown by numerous scientific studies, the letter said. https://www.indiatodayne.in/arunachal-pradesh/story/arunachal-civil-society-organisations-urge-president-to-withdraw-troops-from-siang-dam-site-1141226-2024-12-20 (20 Dec. 2024)
‘No hydropower project if people don’t want it. But…’: CM Pema Khandu said on Thursday (Dec. 19) that the 12,500 Siang Upper multipurpose hydropower project (SUMP) in the state, which is facing resistance from residents, would be shelved if people don’t want it. The chief minister made the statement during a visit to Boleng in Siang district. “If you don’t want a dam, if you don’t want a hydropower project, there won’t be. Chapter closed,” said Khandu.
– The chief minister also told the gathering that rumours that the government would forcibly execute the project by using armed police forces were not true, saying, “We are a democratic country. We do not believe in forcing projects on our own people. We believe in taking into confidence the last man in the queue.”
– “We are against the move to militarise the area by deploying central armed police force personnel. The project will be detrimental to the people and the ecology of the region,” said Bhanu Tatak, legal adviser of Siang Indigenous Farmer’s Forum, one of the groups opposing the project. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/no-hydropower-project-if-people-don-t-want-it-but-arunachal-cm-pema-khandu-101734628690481.html (19 Dec. 2024) -Khandu said, “The govt is not in urgency. I am not here only for the hydropower issue but to discuss the future of Siang and the Adi people. This is a project to save the Adi, the Assamese and the people of Bangladesh.” https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/20/cm-urges-people-of-siang-region-to-allow-survey-for-sump/ (20 Dec. 2024)
Peaceful protest against SUMP In a show of strong resistance, the people of Siang Valley have come together for a major peaceful protest against the proposed Siang upper multipurpose project (SUMP), even as the state government attempted to scuttle the protest through force and coercion. This protest follows the state government’s efforts to deploy hundreds of central and state armed police forces to oversee a pre-feasibility survey for the 12,500-mw hydropower project.
Representatives from villages in Siang, East Siang, and Upper Siang districts, where hundreds of central and state armed police forces were supposed to be stationed, gathered in Parong to protest the proposed deployment. Later, they submitted a petition to the state and central governments, strongly opposing the PFR survey and the construction of the SUMP under the guise of national security. They demanded the immediate withdrawal of the deployment order.
The government’s initial plans for the Lower Siang HEP (2,700 mw) and the Siang Upper HEP Stage-II (3,750 mw) had already faced resistance for over two decades. Amid growing fears and opposition, the capacity was expanded to 11,000 mw without new studies, triggering a wave of protests. In August 2024, the first survey was proposed, leading villagers to organise a series of protests in Dite Dime and Geku, led by the Siang Indigenous Farmers’ Forum. (https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/16/siang-valley-responds-to-state-govts-coercion-with-major-peaceful-protest-against-siang-project/ (Dec 16 2024) Villagers oppose deployment of security for Siang dam project. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/villagers-protest-deployment-of-security-for-siang-dam-project/articleshow/116343241.cms (15 Dec. 2024) Dam protests intensify after decision to send central forces. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/wont-tolerate-attempt-to-force-our-consent-arunachal-dam-protests-intensify-after-decision-to-send-central-forces-9726828/ (16 Dec. 2024) Residents, activists hold protest. https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/arunachal-pradesh-residents-activists-hold-protest-against-siang-mega-dam-project/cid/2070942 (16 Dec. 2024) Communities Up the Ante. https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!bharat/arunachal-pradesh-communities-up-ante-against-the-siang-mega-hydro-power-project-enn24121405501 (14 Dec 2024)
Siang needs dialogue A circular issued by the Siang district administration regarding the arrangement of accommodation for the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) at Riew village, in the context of the pre-feasibility report (PFR) of the SUMP, has strongly provoked those opposed to the construction of the mega hydropower project on the revered Siang river. The aggressiveness with which the Pema Khandu government is pushing forward with the Siang dam is both frighteningly alarming and reckless. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/11/not-guns-what-siang-needs-is-dialogue-on-the-11000-mw-hydropower-project/ (11 Dec. 2024)
Protest over CAPF deployment for SUMP The protestors voiced their opposition to the government, highlighting socio-environmental issues such as displacement, the loss of ancestral lands and threats to biodiversity. They alleged that the government had infringed upon the people’s rights, calling for the immediate withdrawal of security forces and a halt to the project. The protesters were primarily from the villages of Parong, Riew, Geku and Sitang in Siang and Upper Siang districts. https://nenow.in/north-east-news/arunachal-pradesh/arunachal-protest-in-siang-over-capf-deployment-for-dam-project.html (16 Dec 2024)
NEHR opposes deployment of CAPF The Northeast Human Rights (NEHR) wrote a letter to Chief Minister Pema Khandu and Deputy Chief Minister Chowna Mein, strongly opposing the deployment of the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) for conducting the pre-feasibility report (PFR) for the NHPC’s SUMP.
The NEHR cited the Article 32 (2) of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and said that the indigenous people have the right to free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) before approval of projects affecting their lands or territories.
It cited the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention 169, Article 15: “Indigenous people must actively participate in the planning and implementation of projects affecting their lands and resources.” The NEHR has demanded immediate withdrawal of the CAPF related to the SUMP PFS. It also demanded transparent communication with the affected communities, adhering to the principles of free, prior, and informed consent. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/11/nehr-opposes-deployment-of-capf-in-riew-village/ (11 Dec. 2024)
Citizen groups protest deployment of military The deployment of military forces has ignited a larger debate on the ethical and legal implications of the dam, further intensifying opposition from local communities & rights groups. https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Dec/11/citizen-groups-protest-deployment-of-military-to-anti-dam-villages-in-arunachal-pradesh (11 Dec. 2024)
Indigenous people refuse to give up fight against Siang dam Ever since the government risked the proposal for the construction of Siang Mega Dam and signed the MoU, the locals—to save the myth and mythological history related to mother Siang, flora and fauna to save environment, to avoid any natural catastrophe, to preserved the identity of Adi’s connected to Siang river in aspect agricultural and forest products etc.—have been resisting the issue of Siang Dam and committed to die for the cause of saving the mother Siang from any unnatural interference. https://www.eastmojo.com/news/aipp-eastmojo-fellowship-2024/2024/12/12/why-arunachals-indigenous-people-refuse-to-give-up-fight-against-siang-dam/ (12 Dec. 2024)
Need hospitals, not dams The healthcare crisis, particularly in rural districts like Upper Siang, highlights the deep disparities in healthcare access across India. https://www.eastmojo.com/news/aipp-eastmojo-fellowship-2024/2024/12/13/arunachal-need-hospitals-not-dams-say-residents-of-upper-siang-district/ (14 Dec. 2024)
ADP criticizes govt for deployment of CAPF In a presser at the Arunachal Press Club (APC) here on Thursday (Dec. 11), Arunachal Democratic Party (ADP) president Tami Pangu underscored the importance of a peaceful resolution and expressed concern over the possible escalation of tensions in the region. Pangu called for constructive discussions involving all stakeholders to reach a mutually acceptable solution that would protect the interests of local communities and the environment. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/adp-criticizes-govt-for-deployment-of-capf/articleshowprint/116262412.cms (12 Dec. 2024)
Preserve the heart of Upper Siang Valley Now is the time for solidarity with Ebo Mili and the indigenous peoples of Upper Siang who stand against the detrimental implications of the proposed dam. Their resistance resonates with the broader fight against unjust development practices not only in India but globally. The government must recognize that development without consent, dialogue, and understanding is not development but rather a step towards erasure. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/12/standing-with-ebo-mili-preserve-the-heart-of-upper-siang-valley/ (12 Dec. 2024)
Govt deploys CAPF to counter dam protestors The move, to conduct a survey for PFR on SUMP, has angered locals opposed to the dam. Residents from Pareng and several other villages have been guarding a portion of the Siang, shouting slogans of ‘No Survey, No Dam’. Bhanu Tatak, legal advisor of the Siang Indigenous Farmers’ Forum (SIFF), told Down To Earth that the deployment of the CAPF goes against a Gauhati High Court order that cancelled proposed dams on the Siang.
“The people of the Siang valley have been against dams on the river for over 4 decades. Our people have been peacefully protesting against the surveys by any govt agency or a dam developer. People do have the right to protest against this decision in order to protect their homes and hearths,” Tatak, whose organisation represents the interests of farmers from Arunachal’s Adi community, added. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/dams/himalayas-arunachal-government-deploys-central-forces-to-counter-dam-protestors-in-siang-valley (10 Dec 2024)
Amid opposition from the public, the govt has requisitioned armed police to be deployed for the implementation of the 11000 Mw Siang Upper Multipurpose Project. https://x.com/arunachaltimes_/status/1867475488735649961?fbclid (13 Dec. 2024)
Following the report of the proposed deployment CAPF in Riew village in Siang district to quell anti-dam resistance, the village’s Head Gaon Bura (HGB) Tabeng Tamuk has lodged an FIR against Deputy Commissioner PN Thungon, accusing him of “misleading the villagers.” In the FIR, a copy of which has surfaced on social media, the HGB stated that the DC misled him in the matter of accommodating CAPF personnel at the defunct government primary school in Riew. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/15/villagers-says-no-to-capf-deployment-fir-against-dc-for-misleading-villagers/ (15 Dec. 2024)
People intensify protest against SUMP On December 15, villagers including from Reiw and Geku arrived at the village of Parong to take part in a peaceful march against the project. On December 16, protests continued in the village of Geku, local sources told The Wire.
-Their main concerns revolve around displacement and the loss of agricultural lands and homes, the environmental impacts of the nearly 12 GW dam – which will be the biggest in India, if it is built – which is to be located in a seismically active area. https://thewire.in/environment/siang-arunachal-pradesh-upper-multipurpose-project-protests (18 Dec. 2024)
Villagers appeal govt to halt CAPF deployment While there is no clarity on whether the state government plans to send forces anytime soon, the people remain firm in their opposition to the SUMP. There are plans for more peaceful protests and local rituals against the proposed project, with a major demonstration scheduled in Komkar on Wednesday, 18 December, and another public gathering planned for the same day in Geku.
Villagers spoken to by reporters were clear in their opposition to the project, with gaon buras and buris leading the protests. Strongly opposing the Siang project, the gaon buras of Riew village have appealed to CM Pema Khandu not to send any armed personnel to the region as proposed. They argue that since there is no violence in the area, there is absolutely no reason for the government to consider such a move. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/18/anger-and-apprehension-grip-siang-valley-gbs-appeal-to-cm-to-halt-deployment-and-siang-project/ (18 Dec. 2024)
Human rights and anti-dam activist Ebo Mili on Monday (Dec. 02) accused the state govt of being “a mouthpiece of the dam developers” as CM Pema Khandu defends the proposed SUMP. Addressing a press conference, Mili expressed concern that, despite strong opposition, the state government is going ahead with construction of dams on rivers in the state, posing a serious threat to the ecology and the residents. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/12/03/ebo-mili-accuses-goap-of-being-mouthpiece-of-dam-developers/ (03 Dec. 2024)
People raise concerns against SUMP A public consultation meeting on the proposed SUMP was organised by the All Upper Siang District Students’ Union (AUSDSU) at Yingkiong. The discussion centred on the PFR of the project. Elected public representatives, civil society organisations and representatives from project-affected families attended the meeting on Oct 19. Affected people registered a vocal protest against the proposed project before the meeting in which high security police personnel checked them by seizing their placards & banners. https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Oct/21/public-raise-concern-over-12500-mw-siang-upper-multipurpose-project-to-mps-mlas-of-arunachal-pradesh (21 Oct. 2024)
Protest against Siang valley HEP The project has been facing protests from the local population, which fears severe ecological impact due to the construction of the dam. According to local reports, data collection efforts by NHPC have been thwarted by locals who are apprehensive that the project will harm aquatic ecology. NHPC, however, is advocating for the project on the grounds of national security and the adverse impact of the Chinese dam.
The project was first conceptualised in 2018 by the Ministry of Jal Shakti as an irrigation-cum-power project. Lack of funds and support from the state government, coupled with local protests, caused no progress, said officials. Some officials also indicated that the rehabilitation of the local population continues to be a major challenge, as they fear loss of jobs and arable land for cultivation, especially rice. The 3 Gw Dibang Valley hydro project on the Siang river has faced years of protests over similar concerns. https://www.business-standard.com/economy/news/arunachal-s-siang-valley-dam-project-on-fast-track-to-counter-china-threat-124102000508_1.html (21 Oct. 2024)
SIFF protest against SUMP The protest, organised by the Siang Indigenous Farmers Forum (SIFF), was held in Geku village, opposing the preliminary study being conducted in the area for the Siang Upper Multipurpose Project (SUMP). Thousands of villagers gathered at the spot around 8 am, raising slogans against the NHPC and CM Pema Khandu. Geku’s Extra Assistant Commissioner A Ratan said the protest was peaceful and ended at 1 pm without any untoward incident.
The NHPC has proposed three sites in the Upper Siang and Siang districts for the construction of the dam. One site is between Parong and Deging villages, one at Ugeng near Riga village and another between Ditte-Dime and Geku, officials said. The NHPC has been conducting surveys at the proposed sites to prepare a feasibility report for the project, they said.
SIFF general secretary Donggo Libang said the Adi community were opposing the project as it would be a threat to their land, environment and way of life. “If the dam is constructed, the wet rice cultivation field and many villages will be submerged. People will be deprived of their indigenous rights,” he said. https://arunachal24.in/arunachal-protest-against-proposed-12500-mw-hydropower-project-in-upper-siang/ (05 Oct. 2024)
2nd major protest against SUMP In today’s (Oct. 05) protest, led by the Siang Indigenous Farmers’ Forum (SIFF), the villagers voiced their opposition to the National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC), saying “no” to surveys and “no” to the dam. They also protested against the elected representatives of Siang and Upper Siang – RWD Minister Ojing Tasing, who represents the Pangin-Boleng assembly constituency; Tuting-Yingkiong MLA Alo Libang; and Geku-Mariyang MLA Oni Panyang – and CM Pema Khandu. They also voiced their opposition against some of the members of Adi Bane Kebang (ABK), the apex body of the Adis. The SIFF accuses the ABK of consenting to the government’s proposal for conducting surveys for the proposed project.
-Earlier, on 16 September, the SIFF reiterated its objection to the proposal for preparing a PFR for the proposed mega project during a consultative meeting organised by the All Riew Students’ Union. The meeting was attended by Rural Development Minister Ojing Tasing, SIFF members, and NHPC representatives. However, it yielded no feasible outcome, as participants remained stuck to their respective stands. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/10/06/second-major-protest-against-siang-hydro-project-as-hundreds-gather-in-geku/ (06 Oct. 2024)
Adi Bachao says no to mega dam Amidst growing concern over the proposed SUMP, the Adi Bachao, a collective of Adi community members, is vehemently opposing the construction of a mega dam at the Parong portion of the Siang river. The Adi Bachao slammed the NHPC and the state government for failing to inform the local residents about the potential impacts of the mega dam. The organisation demanded a comprehensive assessment of both upstream and downstream effects, along with a clear mitigation policy to address the potential risks before supporting any hydropower dam in the Siang belt.
Stating that the hydropower projects on rivers of the Siang belt would have significant impact in downstream Assam, Aje appealed to the people of Assam to join their movement and raise voice to scrap the proposed mega dams.
Adi Bachao president Tabeng Megu reiterated the organisation’s longstanding opposition to mega hydropower dams in the Siang river. Megu lashed out at the NHPC for conducting surveys and preparing a PFR without involving the local people. The Adi Bachao leaders stated that they would only support construction of small dams in the Siang belt if the authorities concerned ensure safety measures and economic development for the affected people. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/09/23/adi-bachao-says-no-to-mega-dam/ (23 Sept. 2024)
Call to save Siang River The civil rights network, International Indigenous Peoples Movement for Self-Determination and Liberation (IPMSDL), has voicesd its support for the residents of Siang District, Northeast India, as they resist the NHPC’s efforts to monopolize the Siang River for its SUMP. On August 31, a demonstration was held in Siang District, led by farmers, students, and Indigenous communities opposing NHPC’s aggressive surveying efforts. Local residents criticize these actions as lacking proper consultation and consider them a blatant disregard for Indigenous Peoples’ right to free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), as outlined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), to which the Indian government is a signatory. https://www.counterview.net/2024/09/no-to-risky-11000-mw-hydroelectric.html (9 Sept. 2024)
SIFF objects to NHPC’s survey for SUMP In a letter addressed to the NHPC’s Siang Lower Hydroelectric Project’s Pasighat-based General Manager (Civil) Amar Nath Jha on Tuesday (Sept. 03), the SIFF unit stated that no PFR survey or related activities should be carried out for the SUMP by the NHPC or any other authority/agency prior to submission of recommendation from the Siang Upper Multipurpose Development Committee (SUMDC) as well as consent of the stakeholders/dam-affected people. The forum further claimed that despite the SUMDC under the chairmanship of former minister Tamiyo Taga, the SUMDC has consulted neither the stakeholders nor the local administration till date.
“Since its inception, the local populace/dam-affected people are continuously raising their concerns regarding the construction of the dam over the Siang river to the NHPC Ltd, GoI & the GoAP, as the construction of the dam is a threat to the people’s very existence,” the forum said, and termed the NHPC’s decision to conduct the survey/finalisation of PFR survey without the consent of the stakeholders/land-affected people “arbitrary, provocation and intimidation against the indigenous people residing in the Siang river basin.” https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/09/04/u-siang-siff-unit-objects-to-nhpcs-survey-for-sump/ (4 Sep 2024)
Govt staff who joined dam protests get notices The DC of Upper Siang district issued notices this week to several govt employees for allegedly joining protests against the SUMP and supporting the anti-dam movement. The administration’s move in the tribal-dominated district has triggered concerns about “manufacturing consent” for the Upper Siang project which will require a go-ahead from the local gram sabhas under the Forest Rights Act, 2006.
The order came after NHPC Limited sought security clearance from the state govt for mobilising drilling machines etc to commence survey work to prepare the PFR for the SUMP near Geku village on July 20 and the state govt initiated a security threat assessment on Aug 19, official records show. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/arunachal-govt-staff-who-joined-dam-protests-get-notices-9554489/ (07 Dec. 2024)
Villagers protest NHPC survey The protest was held at Dite Dime, which is one of the three proposed dam sites. This protest arose as an NHPC team was set to conduct a survey for the project’s feasibility report. Organised collectively by the All Adi Welfare Society, the SIFF, and the Bango Students Union, the protest drew participants from Komkar, Geku, Sitang, Parong, and Rieu, all set to be affected by the proposed project. The villagers said that they discovered the planned survey through social media, which spurred their opposition.
With the government appearing unresponsive to the affected villagers’ concerns, further protests are anticipated in the region, which has a strong history of opposing mega dams on the revered Siang river. Meanwhile, villagers from Parong have lodged an FIR against the NHPC and the executing agencies for conducting the survey and PFR in violation of their constitutional and legal rights. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/09/01/villagers-protest-nhpc-survey-for-siang-multipurpose-project/ (01 Sept. 2024) Over 600 locals staged the protests against the “forceful PFR”. They shouted slogans against the government and the NHPC. https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Aug/31/arunachal-locals-oppose-nhpc-survey-for-mega-dam-project (31 Aug. 2024)
Damning the Siang The Adi community, which dominates central Arunachal Pradesh, fears that big dams across the river it considers sacred and calls Aane (mother) will violate her. Over the past 15 years, governments at the Centre and the State have pushed for construction in the name of national interest, while those who will be most impacted by the damming are pushing back. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/damning-the-siang/article68450142.ece (24 Aug. 2024)
NEHRLN slams mins, MLAs North East Human Rights Law Network (NEHRLN) on Saturday (July 27) slammed Rural Development Minister Ojing Tasing, former health minister Alo Libang, Geku-Mariyang MLA Oni Panyang and Pasighat West MLA Ninong Ering for giving the nod to the construction of mega hydropower projects in Upper Siang district.
Asking them to reconsider their decision, in order to safeguard the affected people, who are entirely dependent on their land for survival, NEHRLN legal adviser Bhanu Tatak, addressing media persons at a press conference at the Arunachal Press Club, said, “When the land-affected families are already fighting against the construction of the SUMP, the comment made by Ering and Panyang is unfortunate and the public will not accept their decision to allow the construction of the projects.”
“The primary campaign agenda during the general election of MLA Panyang was to restrict the construction of any dam over the Siang River in Upper Siang district, but after assuming power he is contradicting his own statement,” said Tatak. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/07/28/nehrln-slams-mins-mlas-over-construction-of-big-dams-in-u-siang/ (28 July 2024) Adi Bane Kabang has clarified that it does not support the proposed SUMP. https://northeastlivetv.com/around-ne/arunachalpradesh/arunachal-is-adi-bane-kebang-supporting-upper-siang-hydropower-project-amid-strong-opposition-against-it/ (30 July 2024)
Tribals oppose SUMP “The state already has dozens of dams and power projects. The local tribals have suffered a lot. Now this project will displace hundreds of families from their ancestral lands in several villages. The govt is telling us the benefits of the dam. But it is not paying any attention to the problems that the local people will face. We don’t want dams, we want our land,” Tarok Seeram, head of Parong village, who is protesting against the SUMP, tells DW. https://www.dw.com/hi/proposed-hydropower-stations-in-indias-arunachal-pradesh-face-residents-protest/a-69680226 (16 July 2024)
‘No Dam, No Survey’ The SIFF has made it clear that it is firmly against any move to build a dam on Siang. SIFF held a talk with Deputy CM Chowna Mein, which ended on an inconclusive note. As per the forum members, Deputy CM has proposed a PFR and survey of the proposed SUMP. The SIFF declined the proposal while stating that no dam should be built on the Siang River. The organisation also said that if the dam is built, it will lead to displacement of over 1.5 lakh people in the Adi belt of Siang and Upper Siang.
SIFF president Gegong Jijong said that the proposed dam is threatening the existence of the Adi community, because the construction of the dam will submerge the 2 districts, thereby wiping out the Adi culture and tradition completely. And “If the govt goes ahead with the dam project, and we are uprooted from the land, then it will be like the Chakma Hajong refugees. This is the kind of scenario we want to avoid” SIFF members said. https://arunachal24.in/arunachal-no-dam-no-survey-on-siang-river-says-farmers-forum/ (17 Jul 2024)
Anti dam activists arrested The day-long detainment of 2 anti-dam activists on Monday, July 8, in Itanagar, was equivalent to harassment and a violation of the democratic rights of indigenous communities, said several environmental and human rights organisations. The state police arrested lawyer and anti-dam activist Ebo Mili and convenor of the SIFF Dugge Apang on July 8, claiming that they were likely to cause a “public order issue”. The two activists were later released on the same day after signing a bond that they would not participate in activities for the next year that might ‘breach the peace’.
The activists, incidentally, were hoping to organise a peaceful demonstration in the city on July 8 and meet Union power minister Manohar Lal Khattar in person and hand over a memorandum at the Itanagar secretariat, for which they were in the process of taking necessary permissions from the DC. Khattar was in the city to review hydropower projects with state government officials, including the controversial SUMP. https://thewire.in/rights/arrest-of-anti-dam-activists-in-arunachal-a-violation-of-rights-of-indigenous-communities (09 July 2024) The duo were supposed to hand over a memorandum to Khattar at the Itanagar Secretariat, according to the SIFF. However, before that meeting, Itanagar Police summoned them to a police station in the state capital and detained them. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/dams/arunachal-anti-dam-activists-detained-ahead-of-union-ministers-visit (08 July 2024) https://www.downtoearth.org.in/dams/arunachal-anti-dam-activists-detained-ahead-of-union-ministers-visit (08 July 2024)
Activists raise concerns over major dam push The Union power ministry needs to reconsider its stance on pushing for more dams on rivers and boosting hydropower capacity in Arunachal Pradesh, civil society groups such as SIFF, Dibang Resistance and NEHRLN urged on Monday (July 08). They expressed concern about the SUMP in the light of its possible adverse environmental repercussions. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/activists-raise-concerns-over-major-dam-push-in-arunachal-pradesh-101720462820359.html (09 July 2024)
Breaking ice on Siang project Opposition to the proposed SUMP has revived the issue of the downstream impact of mega dams in the state. Ecological concern over the mega dam project in ecologically fragile Arunachal is real and cannot be overlooked. Heavy landslides triggered by heavy monsoon rain disrupting surface communications in seven districts of the state, including Siang, East Siang, West Siang, and Upper Siang, show that such concern is legitimate. https://www.sentinelassam.com/more-news/editorial/breaking-the-ice-on-siang-project (10 Jul 2024)
Orgs write to Centre, opposing SUMP The SIFF, the Dibang Resistance, and the NEHRLN in a representation to the minister said that, instead of mega projects, the Indian government should explore alternative energy solutions that align with the state’s unique ecological context. The organisations reminded the government that the Teesta dam breakage in Sikkim on 4 October 2023 serves as a stark reminder of the potential risks associated with large-scale hydroelectric projects. They also reminded the government of the negligence of the NHPC.
While calling for a dialogue, the organisations said that they are “deeply concerned about the SUMP as being considered of national importance that could imply that none of the environmental concerns matters to the government of India.” https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/07/09/orgs-write-to-centre-opposing-11000-mw-project-on-siang/ (08 July 2024)
Residents oppose surveys for SUMP On June 22, the Upper Siang district administration convened a meeting with panchayat members and headmen of 12 villages. All of the villages stand to be affected by proposed SUMP, which has been fiercely resisted by residents of the area for years now. The meeting was meant to “generate awareness” about the benefits of the SUMP and the administration’s decision to take up PFR to prepare the ground for the project.
However, representatives from the project-affected villages vehemently expressed their opposition to the dam. “The DC of Siang asked us not to oppose the dam,” Tarok Siram, the headman of Parong village. “I told him to take the opinion of 116 families in my village. I pointed out that the homes of 43 families will be under water if the dam is built here. The remaining families will have to be relocated.”
– The report said the proposed dam will act as a “flood cushion” in case of sudden release of flood due to any breach in storage in China. However, activists remain sceptical about such a claim. “Govts always make tall claims about future projects,” said Himanshu Thakkar of the South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People (SANDRP). “How true the claims are depend on a large number of factors, including how the project is operated. Their track record is abysmal.” https://scroll.in/article/1070339/why-arunachal-pradesh-residents-are-stalling-surveys-for-a-mega-dam (09 July 2024)
SIFF demands rollback of NHPC CSR funds More than 1,500 people, under the banner of the SIFF, in a mass gathering here on Saturday (March 23) adopted a five-point resolution, demanding “immediate rollback of the CSR funds allocated by the NHPC to the Siang and the Upper Siang district administrations.”
Expressing opposition to the construction of a dam on the Siang river, SIFF executive body members and the public expressed concern over “possible corruption with the NHPC CSR fund of Rs 16.61 crore to the Siang district administration, and Rs 94.29 crore to the Upper Siang district administration, as CSR funds should not be exercised over government schemes as per the guidelines of the Companies Act, 2013.” They also demanded “immediate transfer of the DCs of the two districts.”
Other resolutions that were adopted included boycotting the Aadi Bane Kebang “over permission of PFR on the proposed SUMP,” constituting an independent inquiry committee “to check corruption in the Siang and the Upper Siang district administrations,” and conducting a public hearing with the residents of the villages that will be affected by the SUMP. The SIFF said that “the public will resort to indefinite, peaceful sit-in protest in case of non-fulfilment of the demands within a week.” https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/03/25/siff-demands-rollback-of-nhpc-csr-funds-allocated-to-2-dists/ (25 March 2024) https://fb.watch/r0Lm2e0xnJ/ (24 March 2024)
SIFF opposes NHPC’s CSR Schemes The attendees expressed concerns that the affected villages were not consulted prior to the allocation of CSR funds and were unaware of the related notification until 1st March 2024. The house unanimously rejected the CSR fund allocation of 16.61 crores, stating that it would encourage corrupt practices and irresponsible district administration. The house also demanded transparency from the departments involved in the CSR scheme. Additionally, a book honouring the Anti Dam Siang movement will be published to commemorate the sacrifices and celebrate the true Adi leaders’ leadership. https://www.indiatodayne.in/arunachal-pradesh/story/arunachal-siang-indigenous-farmers-forum-opposes-nhpcs-corporate-social-responsibility-schemes-921121-2024-03-06 (06 March 2024)
NHPC planned CSR sans public consultation Opposing the proposed SUMP, the SIFF, an umbrella organisation representing various Adi farming communities have questioned the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) schemes which are being implemented by the dam developer, NHPC. After a coordination meeting held on March 5 at Parong Dere of East Siang District, the members alleged that dam-affected villages were not consulted before implementing CSR schemes. https://www.eastmojo.com/arunachal-pradesh/2024/03/07/arunachal-adi-farmers-say-nhpc-planned-csr-sans-public-consultation/ 07 March 2024)
NEHR urges halt to mega dam projects Expressing grave concerns over the safety of mega dams, the NEHR has called upon the state govt to reconsider and halt all upcoming projects and the 12 Memoranda of Agreements (MoAs) signed in August last year for dam projects in Arunachal Pradesh. In their appeal to the CM, the NEHR urged for a thorough review of environmental impact assessments (EIA), safety measures, and community consultations related to these dam projects. They emphasized the importance of engaging with local communities, experts, and activists to ensure transparency and address all concerns adequately. “We must avoid repeating past mistakes and prioritize the long-term well-being of our state and its inhabitants,” the NEHR concluded in their appeal. https://www.indiatodayne.in/arunachal-pradesh/story/arunachal-human-rights-group-urges-halt-to-mega-dam-projects-in-state-902212-2024-02-29 (29 Feb. 2024)
Dibang & Etalin HEPs PAPF to not allow work until compensation is paid The Project Affected People Forum (PAPF) of the 3,097 Mw Etalin Hydroelectric Project (HEP) in Dibang Valley district undertaken by the SJVN Limited, has declared that no work under the project will be allowed to be carried out until compensation is paid to the affected people.
“No compensation, no work. We demand that the compensation be paid immediately, without further delay, and at the same time we are making it clear that we will not be allowing any sort of activity within the project-affected area until the payment of compensation as per the provisions of the LARR Act, 2013,” the forum said. It said: “Our rightful compensation is not being paid to us despite approval of the land acquisition award by the GoAP, which has already been forwarded to the executing agency, ie, the SJVN Ltd, for deposition.” https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/05/08/forum-says-will-not-allow-work-for-etalin-hep-until-compensation-is-paid/ (07 May 2024)
Saving Our Land Video report about how Idu Mishmis have been opposing Dibang, Etalin and other dams on Dibang river. They are now setting up a Community Conservation Area to protect the biodiversity. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rHyJ6i3ST_U (10 April 2024)
Etalin HEP-affected people demand compensation The Project Affected People Forum (PAPF) of the 3,097 MW Etalin HEP Corporation Limited on Friday (Feb. 09) submitted a charter of demands to the project head of the SJVN Limited “to safeguard the provisions to the PAFs on priority basis without any intention to alienate others.” The PAPF also reiterated “implementation of the 37-point charter of demands officially recognised during the public hearing held on 14.12.2014 at Etalin at any cost by the project proponent, ie, SJVN Ltd.” https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/02/10/etalin-hep-affected-people-demand-compensation/ (10 Feb. 2024)
AJP opposes Dibang Multipurpose HEP Assam’s regional political party, Assam Jatiya Parishad (AJP) has strongly opposed the Dibang Multipurpose Project for which the PM laid foundation stone on March 9 2024. AJP has raised concerns about the impact of the project on Shadia subdivision of Assam, South of Dibrugarh and Tinsukhia districts of Assam. AJP highlighted the increased risk due to the project for the earthquake prone areas. AJP also said that in 2014, Mr. Modi had against big dams and advocated small hydro while speaking at Pasighat in Assam. AJP has demanded that the Union Govt should reconsider the Dibang project. https://www.syllad.com/ajp-opposes-dibang-multipurpose-hydropower-project-pm-lays-foundation-amidst-opposition/ (10 March 2024)
Dam issues raised in Rivers Congress At the Asia Women and Rivers Congress 2024 in Chiang Rai, Thailand from June 4-6 last, Bhanu Tatak of SIFF, raised concern and narrated stories of the anti-dam movement spanning over 15 years in Siang and Dibang district. The Asia Women and Rivers Congress brought together women leaders from riverine and indigenous communities, civil society, academia, and policymakers to discuss water, energy, and climate change challenges that are faced in transboundary river basins that flow across South and Southeast Asia. https://www.easternsentinel.in/news/state/arunachal-anti-dam-activists-attend-asia-women-and-rivers-congress-held-in-thailand.html (09 June 2024)
Concern over HEP dams A group of nature lovers, environmentalists, social activists and human rights defenders has submitted a letter to CM expressing deep concerns over the rampant construction of dams in the state. The letter, which serves as a reminder of their previous correspondence from 24 February 2024, emphasizes that their opposition to these projects is not anti-government or anti-development.
They highlighted the risks associated with GLOF, referencing a warning issued by the NDMA regarding several high-threat glacial lakes in the region. They expressed skepticism over a glacial lake study funded by dam developers, citing concerns about data manipulation. In addition, the letter criticized the WII’s report on the Etalin Hydroelectric Project, which was deemed inadequate by a panel of 29 scientists for its incomplete data and insufficient survey duration. They asked for reconsideration of the state’s approach to dam construction, urging respect for indigenous voices and environmental concerns. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/09/19/concern-over-rampant-construction-of-hydro-power-dams-in-arunachal/ (19 Sept. 2024)
Other HEPs Pare HEP affected deserve better treatment The Pare Project Land Affected Welfare Committee (PPLAWC) has alleged that the NEEPCO conducted the recruitment of junior engineers by overlooking the local candidates. Two junior engineers selected for the Pare Hydroelectric Project are reportedly non-Arunachalis, which has angered the PPLAWC. This is a very serious allegation and needs to be looked into. The land-affected people should always be given preference when conducting such recruitment drives.
The project-affected people have to make immense sacrifices. It is not only NEEPCO, but most of the hydropower developers also operating in the state have utter disregard for the local indigenous communities. They only love the resources available in the state but have no affinity for the people. The representation of Arunachalis is much less in the NEEPCO, the NHPC, etc. This is one of the main reasons why locals often oppose hydropower projects. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/02/20/hep-affected-locals-deserve-better-treatment/ (20 Feb. 2024)
Group seeks free power & 2% LADF for affected people A group of likeminded people headed by advocate Tai Shiva on Tuesday (Nov. 26) demanded the GoAP to implement 2% Local Area Development Funds (LADF) of Hydro-Power Policy 2008. The GoAP, as per the policy, is entitled to get 12% free power generated by power projects, but the department concerned has failed to provide details if the mentioned free power has been received or not, Adv. Shiva said while addressing media persons at APC here.
According to the MoU, additional 1% of free power of the project should have been provided for LADF by the developers. But no free power supply has been given to the affected people, he claimed. It was learnt through Right to Information that GoAP has been receiving 12% free power either in energy or monetary from the projects since 2008, but he claimed that neither free power nor 2% LADF was given to the people though the GoAP had notified on 06.06.22 to implement the LADF. Shiva urged the GoAP and developers of Pare, Ranganadi and Kameng Hydro Projects to provide the facilities to the affected residents as per the policy otherwise the group would be forced to resort to legal battle. https://arunachalobserver.org/2024/11/27/group-seeks-free-power-2-ladf-for-affected-people-threatens-legal- (26 Nov. 2024)
Assam Raijor Dal youths protest against mega dam projects In a fiery protest, the youth wing of Raijor Dal, took to the streets in Lakhimpur district opposing the proposed construction of 135 dam projects in neighboring Arunachal Pradesh. The protesters, led by the Lakhimpur District Committee of the party expressed their discontent by burning effigies of PM Modi and Union Power Minister Manohar Lal Khattar. The protests were sparked by plans to develop massive hydroelectric projects, including the 2,220 MW Oju Hydro Electric Project, the 2,000 MW Kamala Hydroelectric Project, the 2,500 MW Upper Subansiri Project, and the colossal 12,000 MW Upper Siang Hydroelectric Project. These projects, according to Raijor Dal’s youth leaders, threaten to disrupt the region’s ecology and displace local communities, creating severe risks to both the environment and indigenous livelihoods. https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-raijor-dal-youths-protest-against-mega-dam-projects-burn-effigies-of-pm-modi-1116380-2024-11-05 (05 Nov. 2024)
Sikkim Citizens demand HEPs reassessment In light of these events, the citizens of Sikkim are appealing to the state government to reconsider its current developmental model, particularly regarding hydropower projects. They urge the government to halt the controversial NHPC 520 MW Stage IV project and consider decommissioning existing dams like NHPC Stage V and Stage III, given the region’s vulnerability to GLOFs and the accelerating impacts of climate change. The call is clear: it’s time to rethink the future of hydropower in Sikkim before it’s too late. https://voiceofsikkim.com/growing-concerns-over-hydropower-projects-in-sikkim-citizens-demand-reassessment-after-recent-disasters/ (22 Aug. 2024) “The main cause of Dipudara landslide is because of underground Teesta V powerhouse. This is all because of the 20 km of tunnels from Dikchu Dam to the underground Power Station at Balutar Dipu Dara. Inside the Dipu Dara the underground Teesta stage V powerhouse is located along with underground tunneling and audit. So, in future periphery area of Dipudara, Beng, Khamdong area will be affected,” it said. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/natural-disasters/sikkim-affected-citizens-of-teesta-demand-nhpc-dam-decommissioning-2 (23 Aug. 2024) -The local people, however, alleged that the underground tunnel through the hill might have triggered the landslide. “A total of 17 houses have developed cracks. Six families have been shifted as their houses are in danger of being pulled downhill,” said a resident of Dipudara village. https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/sikkim-landslide-hits-hydro-project-transmission-set-up-on-teesta-damaged/cid/2042479 (21 Aug. 2024)
Act fast to mitigate disaster in Teesta Valley Save the Hills (Kalimpong) and Darjeeling Himalaya Initiative have written to the PM and CMs of Sikkim and W Bengal regarding the threats that the Teesta River poses since the Oct 2023 GLOF. They have asked for a landscape level intervention covering both states and beyond, a multi-disciplinary task force urgently so that steps can be taken before the next monsoon. https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/teesta-valley-disaster-glof-2023-sikkim-west-bengal- (20 Nov. 2024)
Manipur; Loktak HEP People resolve to stop further extension Taking the extension of the much contentious Loktak HEP for another 25 years as serious concern, people in the surrounding areas of Loktak Lake today convened for a day long public meeting and resolved to oppose the move. The convention was held under the theme “Impact of Loktak Hydro Electric Project in Manipur” at Ikhai Wapokpi Public Ground under Bishnupur district. It was organised by the People’s Committee on Restoration of Loktak and its Associated Wetlands Manipur.
As a part of the programme, the meeting unanimously resolved not to accept extension of the Loktak HEP owned by NHPC Limited. The committee said that project gives lots of detrimental loss to the environment of Loktak Lake and its ecosystem. They also decided to urge the state government to review the Loktak Protection Act 2006. https://www.indiatodayne.in/amp/manipur/story/manipur-people-unanimously-resolve-to-stop-further-extension-of-loktak-hydro-electric-project-724132-2023-12-10 (10 Dec. 2023)
Nagaland: Dikhu HEP Villagers stick to demands The 186 MW Dikhu HEP is a joint venture between the Department of Power Nagaland and Manu Energy System Private Limited, with an equity share of 24% and 76%, respectively. Former Engineer-in-Chief of the Power Department, Er Moa Aier further explained that the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) had extended the TEC three times and was initially reluctant to do so for the third time. However, after several requests and meetings, another extension was granted on the condition that the land issues must be resolved by March 2024, and the TEC extension granted till 31 March 2025.
– The long-standing unresolved issue between the Nagaland Power Department and the villages of Nyang and Kangching in Longleng district has brought the Dikhu 186 MW Project to a standstill. With only five months left before the Techno Economic Clearance (TEC) expires in March 2025, all eyes are on whether the two parties will reach a breakthrough in the interest of the State and the people. The proposed Dikhu HEP spans three districts: Mon, Longleng, and Mokokchung. The project has been in discussion since 2009.
– The department added that, if the two villages ultimately disagree, they will stop pursuing the plan and will prepare a “white paper.” The Department said, “after March 2025, the matter will no longer be in our hands, and the project proposal shall die a premature death, and the Department will not be held liable for the loss for the State.” https://mokokchungtimes.com/dikhu-hydroelectric-project-on-the-brink-will-there-be-a-breakthrough/ (17 Sept. 2024)
Dikhu HEP face stiff opposition In light of concerns raised by local villagers regarding the proposed 186 MW Dikhu HEP, Former Engineer-in-Chief of the State Department of Power, Er Moa Aier has shared his perspective on the project’s potential benefits and safeguards.
Notably, two villages in Longleng district—Kangching and Nian—have openly opposed the development of the Dikhu HEP. A villager said, “Our village area is very small. If the hydro project passes through our village, about 50% of our village area will be submerged under water”. Er Aier informed that the submergence area will impact villages in three districts: Longleng, Mon, and Mokokchung. On the question of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report regarding this project, Er Aier confirmed, “The EIA report is under preparation.” https://mokokchungtimes.com/dikhu-hydroelectric-project-will-submerge-less-than-5-of-village-land-says-former-e-in-c/ (26 July 2024)
Northwest Himalayan States
Jammu & Kashmir 5 activists detained under PSA over HEP protests In a controversial move that has drawn widespread criticism, five local union leaders have been detained under the Public Safety Act (PSA) in Kishtwar district, with authorities claiming they were attempting to obstruct projects of national importance. The detentions come amid growing tensions between local activists and authorities over implementing hydropower projects in the region.
According to local sources and social media posts of activists and journalists from the Chenab Valley, the detained activists were voicing several specific concerns about the hydropower projects including infrastructure damage, environmental concerns, and compensation issues. They alleged that local houses and properties allegedly suffered damage from project-related blasting and that construction work reportedly caused structural integrity issues in nearby buildings.
They also alleged blatant violations of environmental norms, increasing air pollution caused by these projects affecting local communities, and health hazards from construction activities. They alleged that the trade unionists were also protesting inadequate compensation for land acquisitions and disputes over fair valuation of affected properties. https://kashmirtimes.com/5-activists-detained-under-psa-in-kishtwar-over-hydro-project-protests/ (11 Nov. 2024) Those detained include Mohd Abdullah Gujjar from Sigdi Bhata, Noor Din from Kakerwagan, Ghulam Nabi Choppan from Trungi (Dachhan), Mohd Jaffer Sheikh from Nattas (Dool), and Mohd Ramzan from Dangduroo (Dachhan). Additionally, the District Magistrate of Kishtwar, as per the Daily Excelsior report, ordered close monitoring of 22 others suspected of obstructing key national projects, as per officials. https://thekashmiriyat.co.uk/raised-voice-against-hydro-projects-psa-imposed-on-five-persons-in-kishtwar-for-anti-national-activities/ (10 Nov. 2024) https://scroll.in/latest/1075521/j-k-five-union-leaders-detained-for-protesting-hydropower-projects-in-chenab-valley (11 Nov. 2024)
NAPM condemn PSA More than 250 activists representing a range of organizations, have signed a statement initiated by the NAPM, condemning the detention of six environmental activists in PSA. According to the NAPM statement the detainees were raising concerns over the environmental and socio-economic impacts of hydropower projects, including infrastructure damage, environmental violations, and poor compensation for affected communities. “The activists were not obstructing development but were raising pertinent issues such as environmental degradation, damage to local properties due to blasting, and the lack of proper rehabilitation,” said the NAPM statement.
The NAPM emphasized that the opposition to hydro-power and mega infrastructure projects is not limited to J&K but is a growing movement across the Himalayan states due to the environmental threats these projects pose to the region. “Clamping down on ecological movements only hampers the much-needed struggle to combat the climate crisis,” the statement asserted. The signatories appealed to both the Jammu & Kashmir government and the Union Government to refrain from high-handed interventions. https://thekashmiriyat.co.uk/over-250-activists-condemn-psa-on-environmental-activists-in-jammu-kashmir/ (13 Oct. 2024)
Ratle HEP MEIL violating contract conditions Residents living in the vicinity of the Ratle 850 MW hydropower project, which is expected to be commissioned by May 2026, have accused MEIL of violating the conditions laid down in the contract.
– A BJP legislator has alleged that the Telangana-based Megha Engineering and Infrastructure Limited (MEIL) was working like the ‘East India Company’ while executing the Rs 5,281-crore Ratle power project in Kishtwar that has been marred by protests by locals and workers’ strikes. The allegation comes days after the construction giant was blamed by state govt for posing a “grave threat” to the environment with its “unscientific manner of blasting, drilling, muck disposal and movement of vehicles” which has caused “irreversible damage” to the “flora-fauna and ecosystem” of the eco-fragile region. The project has allegedly caused physical damages to their properties such as houses and shops while the unscientific blasting and dumping of waste has also resulted in a spike in respiratory and other diseases.
– Mohinder Kumar, a local leader of National Conference also alleged that since 2022 when the work started on the project, only those connected with the ruling party have been provided jobs. “It is a big scam which should be investigated by the government,” he told The Wire. The J&K government had set up Ratle Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited which signed a contract agreement with MEIL for the turnkey execution of the project in 2022. The company was recently in news after it turned out to be one of the two biggest donors in the controversial electoral bonds scheme and the biggest donor of electoral bonds to the BJP at Rs 586 crore. https://thewire.in/energy/megha-engineering-ratle-power-project-jammu-kashmir/ (01 Dec. 2024)
Questions over PPA National Conference (NC) spokesperson Imran Nabi Dar sought clarification about the agreement. He said the agreement has stirred a hornet’s nest because the terms and conditions seemingly are to the disadvantage of the Union Territory. “The government should have prioritised providing electricity to the domestic consumers, given the looming energy crisis. For electricity-starved people of J&K, is this agreement a solution?” he asked.
Former CM Mehbooba Mufti, president of Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), said the move to supply electricity to Rajasthan from the Ratle Power Project would “rob” the people of J&K “at a time when J&K is facing a severe power crisis”. J&K Apni Party president Altaf Bukhari termed the government’s move as “puzzling”. “The J&K administration has off and on came on record claiming that it has been buying the power supply from other states to meet the demands in the Union Territory, while at the same time leasing out its own supply to another state is beyond comprehension. I urge the J&K administration to come clear on the facts,” Mr. Bukhari said. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/jk-parties-up-in-arms-over-ratle-power-corporation-signing-deal-with-rajasthan-for-40-years/article67713192.ece (06 Jan. 2024)
Ladakh Mass agitation heats cold desert LadakhOf particular concern is that effective local control over land use, though nominally still the Hill Council’s prerogative, has gone into the hands of the UT Administration (effectively in the hands of the central government). There are legitimate fears of land being grabbed by outsiders for tourism, industrial, mining, mega-energy, hydroelectricity, and other projects. Not that all such projects are unwelcome for a region that needs livelihood opportunities, but residents ask: how sustainable are these, who controls them, and for whose benefit?
-A proposed Ladakh Industrial Land Allotment Policy 2023, has raised hackles because all of the ‘single window clearance’ committees in it have only government officials and industry representatives – no Hill Council members, no civil society groups, no panchayat (village council) representatives. The document does not even lay out environmental or cultural criteria for considering an industrial project, nor any public consultation. However, it mentions ‘sustainable industrialization’ (without defining it) and prioritises local entrepreneurs. (Ashish Kothari) https://www.meer.com/en/79171-ladakhs-mass-agitation-heats-a-cold-desert (13 March 2024)
Himachal Pradesh: Luhri HEP Affected villagers stage protest The villagers living in various panchayats affected by the coming up of the 210 MW Luhri hydel project on Feb. 02 staged a protest at Nirath in support of their demands. The villagers along with Himachal Kisan Sabha members have been holding meetings with the villagers to apprise them about the adverse impact of the Luhri project.
What has irked the villagers is that none of the promises made to them, including providing at least a job to one member of each of the project-affected families, has been fulfilled. A large number of women took part in the protest and blocked road, which was opened only after receiving an assurance from the SDM that their grievances would be resolved. The project is being developed on the Satluj, near Nirath village, in the Shimla and Kullu districts amidst strong opposition by the locals. The foundation stone of the project was laid by PM Narendra Modi in December 2021 and is expected to be commissioned by April 2026.
People living in the ecologically fragile areas of the tribal district of Kinnaur and parts of Shimla and Kullu districts have been opposing coming up of hydel projects, which, they claim, were having adverse impact on the flora and fauna of the area. Fertile agricultural land was being adversely affected, houses were developing cracks due to blasting and the traditional water sources were drying, the villagers lamented. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/villagers-affected-by-luhri-hydel-project-stage-protest-586752 (03 Feb. 2024) Shop owners in the local market did not open their shutters, while labourers from the project also struck work to join the farmers in solidarity. Given the deadlock, a call has been given to advance the movement with a rural strike on February 16 in case the administration fails to move on their demands. Numbers have already swelled since the SJVN agreed to expanding the ‘affected villages’ tag to four more villages after the last protest held in December 2023, this reporter was informed by Prem Chauhan, president of Rampur Kisan Sabha.
At another HEP downstream at Sunni, where acquisition is underway, the bypassing of LARR 2013 is once again coming into the news. Land clearing has started even before the villagers have consented to the terms of the acquisition. With anger swelling here as well, the February 16 call for a rural strike may attract many villages along the Satluj basin affected by different hydropower projects. https://www.newsclick.in/hp-luhri-hydro-project-affected-villages-hold-dharna-call-rural-strike-feb-16 (03 Feb. 2024)
Malana I HEP Villagers threaten to intensify stir An indefinite sit-in by residents of Chowki, Baladhi villages and adjoining areas seeking compensation for the losses they suffered due to the bursting of the barrage of Malana Hydel Project-I on July 31 entered 16th day. Earlier, the villagers were protesting near the gate of the project powerhouse. After the project authorities registered a police complaint and 9 protesters were summoned, the villagers shifted to a road leading to the project. They have pitched tents and are protesting round-the-clock. The villagers said they would not back down in the fight for their rights. Bhagat Singh Thakur, president of Mahadev Yuvak Mandal, Chowki, alleged that it was evident that the dam did not burst due to natural causes, but the disaster occurred due to the release of excess water by Malana Project-II and bursting of barrage of Malana Project-I.
Khem Chand, another resident of the area, alleged that even as the dam was damaged, the company was continuing with power generation against the norms by diverting river water directly into the tunnel, compromising with the safety of people and aquatic life downstream. “An action should be taken against the company for violating the rules and a high-level committee should be formed to probe the matter. A delegation of villagers has met the Kullu DC and ADM, but they got mere assurances,” he added. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/villagers-threaten-to-intensify-stir-near-malana-power-project/ (03 October 2024)
Lambadug HEP Action demanded against company Akshay, a former Zila Parishad member) said, “The Leakage in the penstock (a pipe carrying water from the reservoir to the turbine for power generation) of the power project was observed on Friday (May 10) morning and it blasted around 9 pm leading to extensive damage to houses, shops and fields damaging standing crops as huge boulders, slush and muddy water covered the area.” Blaming the Directorate of Energy of the state government for not carrying proper security checks before commencement of power generation in the project, he also raised a finger at the apathy of the management of the power project for not taking adequate steps to avert the blast. https://himachalguardian.com/2024/05/action-demanded-against-the-power-company-after-extensive-damage-in-chhota-bengal/ (12 May 2024)
Fears grip villagers According to Himdhara, nearly 50 families seem to have been impacted due to the damages to either home, fields and shops. The NGO in its report called for a complete moratorium on further hydropower development and new projects of the capacity 25 MW and above. They have also demanded a 360-degree safety audit of all existing operational hydropower and mega projects in the state. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/fears-grip-kangra-village-after-hydroelectric-project-leak-101716246906664.html (21 May 2024)
Repairs stalled More than five months after the leak in the hydroelectric project’s penstock near Multhan village in Kangra district, the repair and maintenance work is yet to be carried out as the impasse between the project management and the villagers continues over the issue of compensation.
Multhan panchayat pradhan Suresh Kumar (Bhanto) said the farmland of local villagers has been destroyed to such a level that it will remain uncultivable for the next 10 to 15 years. “The villagers are seeking compensation as per their crop losses. While shopkeepers in the market have received compensation ten times higher, the project authorities are unwilling to provide the compensation demanded by the villagers,” he said. “They are not engaging with the Panchayat or the villagers. The villagers obstructed access to the project after being sidelined by the project management. It is essential that they deal with the Panchayat and the community to address the damages caused. Until a satisfactory agreement is reached, we will not allow them to use our path,” he added. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/himachal-kangra-hydro-project-repairs-stalled-as-impasse-between-mgmt-locals-drags-on- (26 Oct. 2024)
Gunal HEP Villagers raise voice People have once again raised their voice against the Gunal Hydro Project in Shilh of Manali Uji Valley. The villagers opposed the power project and said in one voice that they will not allow the 1.5 Mw project to happen at any cost. Benchi Panchayat Pradhan Joginder Mehra said that the people of the four panchayats have been opposing the power project for about two years. The district administration has also been informed several times, but the officials are paying no heed to their demand.
He feared the construction of the power project, will lead to shortage of irrigation water for hundreds of bighas of land and apple orchards of the villagers. As per them the canal is source of potable water, and the construction of the project will damage religious places. In a memorandum villagers asked the administration to stop the project work or they will be forced to boycott Lok Sabha elections. https://jantaserishta.com/local/himachal-pradesh/villagers-once-again-raised-their-voice-against-gunal-hydro-project–3240353 (26 April 2024)
Kinnaur Voter who led a fight against big dams Simder Negi of Kinnaur has, however, closely watched changes in the region since 2014,when the BJP-led NDA came to power, under the leadership of Narendra Modi. Since then, he said, the government has promoted “unsustainable development” in the form of broader roads, particularly in border districts like Kinnaur, which shares an international border with China. “The Centre sets these targets in Delhi, but we see the impacts of it in Kinnaur,” he said. “Opposition and local sentiments of people that we have communicated to the Center and prime minister have not been heard.”
– Kinnaur is Himachal’s hydropower hub – it has 15 operational projects and 53 more are planned. Experts and locals have raised grave concerns about the environmental losses and tribal rights violations that have accompanied dam-building here. Since 2019, Negi and other young people in Kinnaur have been leading a resistance movement against large hydropower dams in the district. https://scroll.in/article/1068310/the-himachal-voter-who-led-a-fight-against-big-dams-in-kinnaur (27 May 2024)
Rampur HEP CITU says SJVN violating labour laws The Centre of Indian Trade Union (CITU) staged a protest outside the premises of the Deputy Commissioner’s office in support of the indefinite protest of 400 workers of the SJVN’s 412-MW Rampur HEP for violation of labour laws. The protest has been going on for the last 60 days. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/citu-stages-protest-in-shimla-says-sjvn-violating-labour-laws/ (02 Aug. 2024)
Workers protest against NHPC’s ‘anti-labour’ laws Contract and outsourced workers from various hydropower projects including NHPC projects, under the banner of Centre for Indian Trade Unions (CITU) staged a sit-in, raising their voice against the new labour codes and unmet demands. The protest followed a month-long campaign, running from September 1 to September 30, during which the CITU activists spread awareness about the government’s ‘anti-worker’ policies among various sections of outsourced labour. Protests were held at six locations in Chamba, including NHPC’s Baira Siul Project, Chamera I, II, and III Projects, and the Kuthed Project witnessing participations of hundreds of workers. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/chamba-hydel-project-workers-protest-against-anti-labour-laws/ (01 Oct. 2024)
Renuka Dam Dams affected continue to struggle Bharat Dogra on injustice to dam displaced: – On September 3/4, the evictees of Renuka dam, under the banner of their struggle commit or Jan Sangharsh Samiti (JSS) held a meeting and a protest march at Renukaji. “As many as 25 panchayats, comprising 41 villages and 7,000 people, will be affected by the project, while 346 families have been rendered homeless.” People have demanded that those living very close to the danger mark and on forest land should also get the recognition of displaced families for proper compensation.
– Renuka dam proposes to meet water supply needs of a distant city like Delhi, but so much can be done within Delhi to increase water harvesting and revive water bodies, while also preventing wastage of water. Why endanger Himalayan ecology when solutions closer to home are available. https://countercurrents.org/2024/09/from-renuka-to-pong-to-bhakra-dam-evictees-and-dam-affected-people-in-himachal-pradesh-have-been-struggling-for-justice/ (08 Sept. 2024)
Pong Dam 5 decades on, over 6k PAFs await rehab Even after five decades have passed since thousands of families were uprooted to make way for the construction of Pong Dam in Kangra district, the cases of 6,736 families, who await rehabilitation, are still pending. These details were shared during a review meeting of the Pong Dam displaced, relief and rehabilitation committee chaired by state revenue minister Jagat Singh Negi on Friday (Oct. 18). Additional chief secretary Onkar Sharma shared that 20,722 families in various sub-divisions of Kangra district were affected by the construction of the Pong Dam. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/pong-dam-displacement-5-decades-on-over-6k-families-still-await-rehabilitation-101729272564033.html (18 Oct. 2024)
PAF facing displacement again About 1,500 households set to be affected by the impending land acquisition, spanning across 14 villages, for the proposed expansion of Kangra airport by the government. Among these households are many that were previously displaced in the early 1970s due to the construction of the Pong Dam.
-These families, having already experienced the toll of displacement, find themselves confronted with the prospect of relocation once again due to the proposed airport expansion. Their sense of disturbance and apprehension about the future, especially concerning the well-being of their children, is palpable. The uncertainty surrounding the government’s plans for resettlement and rehabilitation only adds to their anxieties. The construction of Pong Dam which started in 1961 displacing 20,722 families and 1.5 lakh population. -Locals across the 14 affected villages have vehemently opposed the government’s plans for airport expansion, resorting to multiple protests. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/displaced-to-make-room-for-pong-dam-families-in-kangra-dread-another-search-for-new-home-101708409600705.html (20 Feb. 2024)
PAFs protest airport expansion Residents of Gaggan near Dharmshala are protesting against the land acquisition for the airport expansion without ascertaining feasibility. They are also demanding better compensation for those getting displaced again as they were earlier displaced for the Pong dam. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/gaggal-residents-protest-airport-expansion-move-584634 (26 Jan. 2024)
PAFs oppose ESZ plan Over 25,000 people displaced by the Pong dam on the Beas river have been waiting to be relocated for over five decades. Many of them were surviving by farming around the dam region. But a draft policy to declare Pong Dam eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) is likely to impact these oustees again, who are planning to protest against the MoEFCC’s decision. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/governance/pong-dam-eco-sensitive-zone-awaiting-rehabilitation-for-over-50-years-not-consulted-for-policy-decision-say-locals-93814 (10 Jan. 2024)
Uttarakhand: Vishnugad-Pipalkoti Villagers decide to ‘save’ 9th century shrine Haat village in Chamoli, historically a centre for Sanskrit scholarship and a key stopover for Badrinath pilgrims, is home to the Laxmi Narayan temple, whose sanctum has remained unchanged since the 9th or 10th century. However, the villagers say their cultural heritage faces a grave threat as it has been earmarked as a muck dumping site for the under-construction 444 MW Vishnugad-Pipalkoti hydro power plant. A legal battle on the issue is ongoing.
– To draw attention to their concerns, the village recently hosted a three-day ceremony attended by prominent seers and spiritual leaders, including Swami Mukundananda, a representative of the shankaracharya of Jyotirmath Peeth, who vowed, “I would lay down my life to protect this cultural heritage.” Swami Shivanand Saraswati of Haridwar-based Matri Sadan, also participated in the ceremony. He said, “It is of utmost importance that the village’s culture and religious sites are protected.”
– Rajendra Hatwal, the village pradhan said, “The ceremony was meant to highlight our concerns. We want the entire Haat Narayan Temple complex to be protected and villagers affected by the project rehabilitated so that daily prayers and rituals for the deity can continue. How will the next generation learn and uphold this culture if they are not even living where the temple is located?” Ashish Kumar, regional director of the state archaeological department, said that “he was unaware of the issue but would investigate.” https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/villagers-rally-to-save-ancient-laxmi-narayan-temple-from-hydro-power-threat/articleshow/115425877.cms (18 Nov. 2024)
Tapovan Vishnugad Workers demand restatement After the 2023 disaster in Joshimath, the work of NTPC was stopped by the government, after which the ban was continued by the court. On which the working agency HCC under NTPC stopped the wages of the workers in the name of no work no pay. While the other company Hrithik has been continuously paying salaries to its workers. When the construction work started after a year, the company started treating the local workers negligently and the local workers were removed from work without notice. They say that the company acquired the land, forest, water, pastures of the local people for the hydropower project. Contrary to the rules, the company did not even provide employment to 70 percent of the local unemployed youth. And now those who were given employment have also been removed. https://liveskgnews.com/uttarakhand/joshimath-hcc-demands-restatement-of-workers-removed-without-notice/ (01 April 2024)
Workers stage protest over excessive use of explosives -The workers removed from NTPC’s working organization HCC staged a symbolic dharna in the tehsil premises on Friday (May 10). After this, they sent a memorandum to the CM demanding early reinstatement. Also warned that if their demands are not met soon, they will start a fierce agitation and stop all the work of the company. https://www.amarujala.com/uttarakhand/chamoli/ntpc-workers-staged-a-symbolic-protest-in-the-tehsil-gopeshwar-news-c-47-1-sdrn1002-105967-2024-05-10 (10 May 2024) -Local workers were fired overnight without notice due to objection to the use of explosives without permission by the company. The workers were also not given reasonable salary allowance. Now the company is making other recruitments in place of local unemployed. In which the local affected are being ignored. https://udaipurkiran.in/appeal-to-cm-for-reinstatement-of-workers-working-in-hcc/ (01 May 2024)
JBSS threatens to restart agitation The Joshimath Bachao Sangharsh Samiti (JBSS), a local advocacy group representing residents of the subsidence-hit Jyotirmath (formerly Joshimath), announced on Sunday (Nov. 24) that they will resume their agitation if the govt fails to fulfil its promise of immediate rehabilitation for the affected families who have been living in their damaged homes for the past two years. JBSS also criticized the recent order by the district administration, which permitted residents in the safe zone to repair their homes, calling it ‘incomplete’. “The order is completely different from what was discussed and agreed upon in our last meeting with the officials. We had requested permission for new construction and prefabricated structures in the safe zones,” Atul Sati, convenor of JBSS. said.
In Nov 2023, a high-level committee led by Union home minister and minister of cooperation, Amit Shah, had approved a Recovery and Reconstruction (R&R) plan worth Rs 1658 crore for Jyotirmath. As part of the approved plan, nearly Rs 1080 crore will be provided as central assistance from the NDRF. The state govt will contribute Rs 126 crore from its SDRF, along with an additional Rs 451 crore from its state budget. This allocation includes Rs 91 crore for land acquisition related to resettlement. The recovery plan is set to be executed over a period of three years. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/jyotirmath-residents-threaten-agitation-over-delayed-rehabilitation-efforts/articleshow/115632761.cms (24 Nov. 2024)
JBSS seek rehab office, relocation The JBSS on Friday (Feb. 02) reiterated its plea for a rehabilitation and reconstruction office in the subsidence-hit town of Joshimath. Atul Sati, the group’s convener, said, “Following a prior govt order, the immediate setup of this office, with essential staff, is crucial. Additionally, as discussed in our meeting with the chief minister last year, all residents affected by the disaster should be compensated.”
The JBSS has called for relocating affected individuals to secure Army land, seeking to forward this proposal to the central government. Sati said, “We propose moving the Army unit in Joshimath closer to the border, resettling affected people in that area.” Residents of the subsidence-hit town also demand an immediate start to stabilisation work in the affected areas of Joshimath. The JBSS also stressed the prompt compensation for affected houses under the Rajiv Awas or PM Awas schemes. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/joshimath-locals-seek-rehab-office-jbss-relocation-compensation/articleshow/107376112.cms (03 Feb. 2024)
Lakhwar dam affected farmers plan to resume protest if UJVNL fails to take steps towards fulfilling their 11 point demand charter already submitted to and agreed upon by the govt about a year back. (Dainik Jagran 22 Sept. 2024)
Song Dam Locals object govt’s plan to fell 2k trees in RF Residents have expressed their concerns over the state’s move to ostensibly meet water shortage by felling over 1,800 trees from Khalanga reserve forest and constructing a reservoir to channel water to deficit areas in Dehradun. Locals are upset at the move and have raised their objections through email as tender of Song dam drinking project is due to be opened. “While our state is battling against wildfires due to climate adversity, the plan to fell 2,000 trees from reserve forest requires serious rethinking,” said one of the activists who is campaigning against the proposed move. The tender for construction of a 130.6 metre-high concrete gravity dam and appurtenant works, totaling Rs 1,306 crore, is to be completed within 60 months. Once objections from residents were received, representatives of Dehradun would officially meet the state govt with their grievance against felling trees. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/locals-object-governments-plan-to-fell-2k-trees-in-khalanga-forest/articleshow/109849246.cms (05 May 2024)
Protesters continue to save Khalanga RF Hundreds of locals and environmental activists gathered in Khalanga Reserve Forest on Sunday (May 19) to protest the proposed felling of nearly 2,000 Sal trees. The protest to save the trees started earlier this month. A water treatment plant, part of a larger gravity dam project on the Song River, is expected to be built at this site. “In recent days, there have been reports that the project has been moved to an alternate site. But nothing has been done officially, and we cannot stop the fight until written directives are issued,” said Himanshu Arora from Citizens for Green Doon. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/protesters-continue-fight-to-save-khalanga-reserve-forest/articleshow/110258243.cms (20 May 2024)
People for Himalaya Campaign Climate disasters result of governance failures Over 50 social and environmental organisations have jointly declared that climate disasters are systemic and policy-induced, resulting from governance failures at various levels. This declaration, part of the ‘People for Himalaya’ campaign, involves signatories from Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and Jammu and Kashmir.
The declaration underscores that those who are the least responsible for these disasters, such as marginal farmers, Dalits, forest dwellers, adivasis, women, migrant workers, minorities, persons with disabilities, and those in conflict zones, are the worst impacted and further marginalised. It criticised mindless infrastructure like mega dams, highways, railway projects, and commercial tourism, and blamed decades of development-driven greed for unprecedented land use changes for damaging rivers, forests, grasslands, and mountains. https://theprint.in/india/over-50-himalayan-organisations-declare-climate-disasters-result-of-governance-failures/1992396/ (07 March 2024)
People for Himalaya declaration The document argued that top-down, market-dependent solutions and poorly designed climate finance projects have replaced local resilience with detrimental consequences for Himalayan societies. It noted that the post-disaster support from the Centre has been insufficient and focuses on relief without adequate attention to prevention and rehabilitation. Despite requests from Sikkim and Himachal Pradesh in 2023, these disasters were not officially declared “national disasters”, the declaration stated. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/himalayan-organisations-declare-climate-disasters-result-of-governance-failures-9201836/ (07 March 2024)
The declaration comes at a time when several states across the mountain range have witnessed numerous disasters in recent times including, GLOF in Sikkim, which have claimed peoples’ lives and caused much ecological and environmental destruction. Investigations into some of these incidents have revealed that authorities did not follow existing rules for developmental activities in the areas or ignored the fears and concerns raised by experts and local communities. https://m.thewire.in/article/environment/over-50-organisations-sign-declaration-to-draw-attention-to-climate-disasters-in-himalayas/amp ; https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/03/08/over-50-himalayan-orgs-declare-climate-disasters-result-of-governance-failures/ (08 March 2024) The coalition, comprising groups from diverse Himalayan states including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand, has voiced concerns over the tragic land subsidence in Joshimath and the devastating floods along the Teesta river, among other incidents in 2023. These events have brought to light the vulnerability of the region and the dire consequences of environmental neglect. https://groundreport.in/50-himalayan-groups-link-climate-disasters-to-governance-failures/ (08 March 2024) The campaign also raises the issue of dilution and non-implementation of environmental laws and protective policies. The ‘People for Himalaya’ campaign will work in solidarity for the wellbeing and sustenance of our Himalayan natural heritage and will release a detailed demand charter in the coming days. https://www.indiatodayne.in/environment/story/people-for-himalaya-over-50-entities-unite-in-himachal-pradesh-for-sustainable-equitable-future-922422-2024-03-07 (07 March 2024) The campaign will release a detailed demand charter in the coming days. https://hillpost.in/2024/03/people-for-himalaya-campaign-for-securing-mountains-futures-calls-for-democratic-and-decentralized-governance-and-policy-shift-in-the-himalaya-based-on-sustainability-equity-and-climate-ju/123841/ (07 March 2024) https://www.downtoearth.org.in/hindistory/development/sustainable-development/people-s-organizations-of-hilly-areas-will-run-people-for-himalaya-campaign-for-disaster-free-himalaya-94852 (06 March 2024)
Demand for alternative development model An alternate model of development that recognizes the knowledge and needs of local communities is among the many demands raised by the People for Himalaya Campaign in their charter aimed at party candidates ahead of the Lok Sabha elections. Based on this vision statement, the People for Himalaya Campaign have now released a ‘demand charter’, said Manshi Asher, founder of Himdhara Collective who is also associated with the Campaign, at an online press conference.
The main intent of the demand charter is to move towards a Himalaya that is secure from disasters, and how we can achieve this, she added. “The entire Himalayan region is going through extreme distress right now,” she said. “These are manifesting in several forms, whether they are slow onset disasters such as the retreat of glaciers due to global warming…to immediate disasters that wreak a lot of havoc that we see on television, whether they are floods or landslides.” https://thewire.in/environment/people-for-himalaya-campaign-calls-for-alternative-devlopment-model-to-free-region-of-disasters (30 March 2024)
The demand for a complete halt on mega infrastructures like large dams, railway and four lane given the underground invasion and muck generation was also echoed by Guman Singh, from Himalaya Niti Abhiyan and Atul Sati of Joshimath Bachao Sangharsh Samiti. It was stated be it the Beas floods or the land subsidence in Joshimath, these are all not natural disasters but man-made, policy led disasters. The over-all demand for a people not profit centred economic and governance was reiterated. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/himalayan-solidarity-to-secure-future-of-mountains-not-profit-but-people-and-nature-centred-governance-is-way-forward/articleshow/108903282.cms (30 March 2024)
-Mayalmit Lepcha, from Affected Citizens of Teesta, and Mohan Saikia from the North East Dialogue forum expressed serious concerns about the ecological impacts of massive hydropower development proposed on the Brahmaputra and its river basins allegedly without the consent of local indigenous communities. “The far-reaching impacts of these infrastructures are manifested in the form of floods whose impacts go right up to the downstream,” Saikia said at the meeting. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/activists-call-for-moratorium-on-mega-projects-in-high-himalayas-101711780307921.html (30 March 2024)
Report Call for global action against mega dams The Indigenous Peoples Movement for Self Determination and Liberation (IPMSDL), a global network, has called upon civil society and mass organisations across the world to “expose the role of multinational and transnational mega-corporations, big banks, and credit agencies in the destruction of our rivers” by holding demonstrations on March 14, which happens to be the International Day of Action for Rivers.
In a concept note distributed to civil society leaders, IPMSDL stressed on the need to foster “international solidarity among communities plagued by the encroachment megadam builders”, claiming, “Huge dams were built and funded by international financial institutions, credit and lending agencies, multinational and transnational corporations backed by powerful states, with strong military forces to exploit natural resources and inundate forests, mountains, and rivers at the expense of people’s rights and welfare.” https://www.counterview.net/2024/03/save-rivers-call-for-global-action.html (05 March 2024)
International Rivers Saving rivers means saving democracy: Democracy isn’t just about casting votes. It’s about whose voices matter in the decisions that shape our world. When we work with communities along the banks of the Salween, the Tapajos, the Teesta, the Kunene, we see how the most effective river protection comes when previously marginalized voices – especially those of Indigenous communities, women, youth – are brought to the forefront.
– The challenges to democracy that we’re witnessing globally are more than abstract political issues – they have real consequences for environmental and social justice. When democratic institutions weaken, environmental protections and human rights often follow suit. We’ve seen how autocratic tendencies frequently align with the dismantling of environmental safeguards, the silencing of Indigenous voices, and the prioritization of short-term gain over long-term sustainability. The path forward requires us to recognize that environmental protection and democratic principles are inseparable. https://www.internationalrivers.org/news/why-saving-rivers-means-saving-democracy (06 Dec. 2024)
Compiled by Bhim Singh Rawat (bhim.sandrp@gmail.com)
SANDRP 