DRP NB 290724: Dam Floods need urgent attention

(Feature Image: Officials said it was very important to identify a dry area for construction of the diaphragm wall and the earth-cum-rock-fill dam on top of it, this being the main dam of the Polavaram project. DC Image)

The floods last week in Pune, with significant contribution from dam releases from upstream has led to Maharashtra deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar directing the water resources department to keep the Khadkwasla Dam only half full to avoid repeat of the floods. While this is welcome and needs to be implemented, it also raises a number of questions.

The phenomena of water releases from dams contributing to downstream floods is not new, it has been going on for decades as SANDRP has been pointing out. Even in 2023 monsoon, several dams were found guilty of this including Sardar Sarovar on Narmada in Gujarat and Bhakra & Pong dams in Punjab (this was highlighted at a meeting in Chandigarh on Saturday by SANDRP and others), among others. In 2019 floods in Maharashtra and Karnataka too this happened in Krishna basin. So, the minister’s statement post disaster is surprising.

This kind of steps are required on systemic level for all dams across Maharashtra and India, and whenever this is violated in case of any dam, consequences must follow for those responsible, holding the responsible persons accountable. Such systemic governance needs to be completely transparent with all information about dam operations and their rule curves in public domain. Central Water Commission, in charge of flood forecasting including for reservoirs, has been pathetically, regularly failing this regard. In the context of climate change, need for such steps are even more urgently required.

Fill Khadakwasla dam to 50% capacity, release excess water in the day: Ajit Pawar to officials A heavy inflow of water at the catchment area of Khadakwasla dam on Wednesday night saw authorities releasing a large amount of water into the Mutha River early on Thursday, adding to Pune’s flooding woes. Maharashtra Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar directed the water resources department to keep the dam only half full, to avoid a repeat of Thursday’s scenario.

– The Khadakwasla dam is upstream of the Mutha River and Pune city. With the water level in the dam increasing rapidly on Wednesday night with an inflow of 20,000 cusecs of water, 35,000 cusecs was released from the dam on Thursday, Pawar, the guardian minister of Pune, said. This, along with the heavy rain in the city, led to flood-like situations in several parts of Pune, he added. “Instructions are that the dam should be filled only up to 75 per cent of its capacity and excess water should be released in the river. However, the Khadakwasla dam is small in size with a capacity of 2.75 TMC so it gets filled faster than other dams. So, the instructions are to fill Khadakwasla dam to 50 per cent of its capacity and release excess water into the Mutha River so that a situation like today is not reported,” Pawar said. “Instructions are that the dam should be filled only up to 75 per cent of its capacity and excess water should be released in the river. However, the Khadakwasla dam is small in size with a capacity of 2.75 TMC so it gets filled faster than other dams. So, the instructions are to fill Khadakwasla dam to 50 per cent of its capacity and release excess water into the Mutha River so that a situation like today is not reported,” Pawar said.

– There are four dams upstream of the Mutha River – Khadakwasla, Panshet, Varasgaon and Temghar. The latter three, however, are larger in size and were not filled so no water was released from them. Water was released from Mulshi dam, which is upstream of Mula River, and this water added to the Mutha River, further swelling it downstream of Bundgarden. https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pune-khadakwasla-dam-capacity-release-excess-water-ajit-pawar-9475453/  (25 July 2024)

Heavy rainfall in the dam areas and urban regions of Pune district led to the release of water from Khadakwasla and Pavana dams, causing widespread flooding in Pune city and its surroundings. The Mula and Mutha rivers overflowed. All societies and settlements along the riverbanks were inundated. To ensure the safety of residents, help from the NDRF and the army was sought. Authorities had informed that 35,000 cusecs of water was being released early in the morning. However, Minister Muralidhar Mohol stated that if only 35,000 cusecs of water had been released, the flood would not have occurred and promised an investigation into this matter. Minister Muralidhar Mohol said that the large volume of water released from the dam created the flood situation in the city, highlighting the lack of coordination between the Water Resources Department and the Municipal Corporation. He stressed that if 55,000 cusecs of water were to be released, it should have been communicated to the public, warning them of the impending danger. This negligence will not be tolerated, and an investigation will certainly be conducted. https://punemirror.com/pune/civic/murlidhar-mohol-blames-water-resources-department-for-the-flood-says-prior-notice-should-have-been-given-before/cid1721987044.htm  (26 July 2024) 

The proposed Mula-Mutha Riverfront Development Project (RFD) in Pune is making headlines again as trees planted near the river belt and soil kept for filling the underway embankments were swept away due to the floods on July 25.

Activist Sarang Yadhvadhkar pointed out the current situation in the city, where heavy rains submerged it in water. “The RFD is a destructive project, affecting biodiversity and depleting groundwater. Due to construction near the riverbed, the rivers have become narrow. When water from major dams like Khadakwasla is released into these rivers, they start overflowing, creating floods. Only one lakh cusecs of water was released, which led to the flood. The construction of embankments has decreased the cross-sectional area of the river, which is the main cause of the floods. We never heard of floods in Pune until recent years, mainly because of the RFD.” “Arrogance of the authorities, apathy on the part of the citizens, and violation of the national green tribunal are all we got while raising our concerns regarding the project,” added Yadhvadhkar.  https://www.freepressjournal.in/pune/pune-did-riverfront-development-project-flood-the-city-heres-what-administration-and-activists-have-to-say  (28 July 2024)

DAM FLOODS PUNE Urban expansion meets monsoon fury The recent flooding in Pune has been worsened by uncoordinated and untimely releases from upstream dams. Himanshu Thakkar, coordinator of the South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People, said, “The uncoordinated releases from Khadakwasla have exacerbated flooding in Pune. Despite the proximity of these dams to the city, there is a lack of proactive management to prevent disasters. Suggesting that dams should not be filed beyond 50% post- disaster highlights the reactive nature of current policies.”

Thakkar pointed out systemic issues in dam operations across India. “There is no systemic approach, and the Dam Safety Act fails to address operational issues. Dams can create disasters even without structural failures due to uncoordinated releases. We need accountable, transparent, and credible mechanisms for dam operations,” he said. The mismanagement of flood prevention measures compounds the problem. While dams theoretically reduce downstream flooding, the lack of proper operation and oversight nullifies these benefits. “The standard operating procedures and rule curves for dam operations are not public, and there is no inquiry into why dams are operated in certain ways during flood events,” he noted. Thakkar highlighted the need for a systemic overhaul in dam operations to mitigate flooding risks. “All dam operations need to be reviewed, with rule curves made public and backed by legal frameworks to ensure proper operation. Accountability measures must address failures in dam management that contribute to flooding.” (By Badri Chatterjee) https://www.hindustantimes.com/environment/punes-struggle-with-floods-urban-expansion-meets-monsoon-fury-101722108356995.html  (28 July 2024)

Nagpur Gates of many dams in region opened, flooding rivers & roads Heavy rains across the region have left the rivers in spate, forcing authorities to open the gates of eight of the 16 major dams in eastern Vidarbha on Sunday (July 28). The downpour has also cut off 43 roads in the interiors of Gadchiroli district. Another cause of concern for the Gadchiroli district administration is the opening of the gates of Medigadda dam, just across the state border in Telangana, on Godavari river. Officials of Maharashtra’s water resources department (WRD) are in constant touch with their counterparts in Telangana to monitor the situation.

Sources in the Gadchiroli district administration acknowledged that it is not uncommon for certain parts of the district to be cut off during the rainy season. However, the current situation is particularly severe. The district has already experienced rainfall that is twice the average amount.

The opening of the gates of Medigadda dam has prompted the Maharashtra government to request the Telangana government to ensure that the gates, especially from Elampally and Kandem areas on their side, are opened in coordination with Maharashtra. This precautionary measure is being taken because the gates of Gosikhurd dam are also open, and the simultaneous opening of gates of both dams could lead to an unmanageable situation, said an official in the district administration. The source also mentioned that even if roads are cut off, there are alternative routes available in the interior areas. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/heavy-rains-cause-flooding-in-eastern-vidarbha/articleshow/112092274.cms  (29 July 2024)

This is strange. Maharashtra Deputy CM and WRD Minister Devendra Phadnavis has asked Telangana should be informed in advance about water release from Medigadda dam, but they should know that all gates of Medigadda dam are open and it cannot do anything further to release any water from the dam. All the inflows are flowing downstream. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/telangana-asked-to-alert-maharashtra-about-discharge-from-medigadda-dam-fadnavis/articleshow/112084352.cms  (28 July 2024)

HYDRO POWER PROJECTS

Western Ghat Experts slam impacts of Adani’s PSHPs ‘The problem is with the regulator (EAC and the ministry). The central ministry defended the position of the advisor which shows how poorly the EAC functions,’ SANDRP’s Thakkar stated, adding how the committee lacks members with an independent track record who are not retired government officials or allied with the government. ‘Muck generation, transportation and disposal can significantly impact the environment, if not managed properly,’ said Thakkar. ‘Typically, when millions of cubic meters of muck are created, they dump it into local rivers,’ adding that such practices will further exacerbate the environmental vulnerability of the region. https://www.adaniwatch.org/pumped_hydro_adani_s_2_billion_pumped_hydro_projects_to_impact_biodiversity_hotspot  (18 July 2024)

Arunachal Pradesh NEHRLN slams mins, MLAs over construction of big dams in U/Siang The North East Human Rights Law Network (NEHRLN) on Saturday slammed Rural Development Minister Ojing Tasing, former health minister Alo Libang, Geku-Mariyang MLA Oni Panyang and Pasighat West MLA Ninong Ering for giving the nod to the construction of mega hydropower projects in Upper Siang district. Asking them to reconsider their decision, in order to safeguard the affected people, who are entirely dependent on their land for survival, NEHRLN legal adviser Bhanu Tatak, addressing mediapersons at a press conference at the Arunachal Press Club,  said, “When the land-affected families are already fighting against the construction of the 11,000 megawatt hydropower project over the Siang River, the comment made by Ering and Panyang  is unfortunate and the public will not accept their decision to allow the construction of the projects.” “The primary campaign agenda during the general election of MLA Panyang was to restrict the construction of any dam over the Siang River in Upper Siang district, but after assuming power he is contradicting his own statement,” said Tatak. https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/07/28/nehrln-slams-mins-mlas-over-construction-of-big-dams-in-u-siang/  (28 July 2024)

Sikkim Visions of Hell Junkeri Studio with Save The Hills have featured this area as a part of numerous surveys of GLOF affected areas done in Oct2023, both visited the Krishnagram area of Teesta bazar (W Bengal) again between 21-22 July 2024. Photo feature of the same.

Bhasuwa (27 03 41.7 N 88 25 29.2 E, Elevn 248m) is a sinking area but the rate of subsidence increased dramatically after the Oct 2023 GLOF raised the Teesta river levels by 4-5m.

The river now flows very close to Bhasuwa and as such the erosion at the base of the mountain and subsidence has increased. The place was renamed Krishnagram. Around 15 homes are affected in the village directly above the road at Krishnagram. https://savethehills.blogspot.com/  (23 July 2024)

Nagaland Dikhu HEP In light of concerns raised by local villagers regarding the proposed 186 MW Dikhu Hydroelectric Project in Nagaland, Former Engineer-in-Chief of the State Department of Power, Er Moa Aier has shared his perspective on the project’s potential benefits and safeguards. Notably, two villages in Longleng district—Kangching and Nian—have openly opposed the development of the Dikhu Hydro Electric Project (HEP). A villager said, “Our village area is very small. If the hydro project passes through our village, about 50% of our village area will be submerged under water”. Er Aier informed that the submergence area will impact villages in three districts: Longleng, Mon, and Mokokchung. On the question of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report regarding this project, Er Aier confirmed, “The EIA report is under preparation.” https://mokokchungtimes.com/dikhu-hydroelectric-project-will-submerge-less-than-5-of-village-land-says-former-e-in-c/  (26 July 2024)

Report 881 development projects approved in national parks in 5 years: Govt data -The highest diversion of forest was in Madhya Pradesh with a staggering figure of 22,614.74 ha followed by 13,621.95 ha in Odisha. While 1,073 non-forestry projects were approved and 1,912.42 ha were diverted in Punjab, 1,451 projects were approved in the forests of Haryana spanning 1,855.29 ha. 328 projects in 2,058.14 ha of the forests in Himachal Pradesh were approved and 468 projects in 3,323.48 ha of the forests in Uttarakhand were approved. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/881-development-projects-approved-in-national-parks-95-724-99-ha-of-forest-land-diverted-in-last-5-years-government-data-642257  (22 July 2024) 

MoEF Relevant decisions of FAC meeting held on July 4 2024: – Proposal for 211.8427 ha. of forest land for 500 MW Dugar Hyrdo Electric Project of NHPC Ltd. in Chamba Dist of Himachal Pradesh: More Info sought.

– Proposal for diversion of 315.74 ha forest land for Renovation of Asolamendha Irrigation Project in Div Bramhapuri, Central Chanda & Chandrapur Forest Div, Saoli, Mul & Pombhurna talukas of Chandrapur Dist in Mah: Approved

– Proposal for diversion of 263.5406 ha forest land for Sambarkund Irrigation Project at Village Mahan, Taluka Alibag, Dist Raigad in Mah: Approved https://forestsclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FAC_Minutes/71122121412171MoMParivesh10.pdf 

DAMS

Polavaram Project AP to pitch for new diaphragm wall Andhra Pradesh govt contemplates to seek financial assistance from NITI Aayog for the construction of a new diaphragm wall for the Polavaram project. The old diaphragm wall was damaged during 2019-2020 Godavari floods when flood waters passed through the partially built upstream cofferdam. The D-wall is a 1.5-meter-thick concrete wall that was constructed across gap II of the main dam of the Polavaram Project during the TDP rule between 2014-2019. https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/ap-to-pitch-for-new-polavaram-diaphragm-wall-894491  (26 July 2024)

Uproar in Odisha assembly over Polavaram dam project The Odisha Assembly witnessed chaos as Congress members demanded a House Committee on the Polavaram Dam project in Andhra Pradesh, fearing massive land submergence in Odisha’s tribal-dominated Malkangiri district. Congress leader Rama Chandra Kadam accused the BJP-led central government of promoting the project without resolving local grievances.

Congress Legislature Party leader Rama Chandra Kadam lambasted the BJP-led central government for promoting the project, which could inundate 1400-1500 ha in Odisha. He said project would adversely affect not only the local tribal population but also forests, wildlife, and the environment in the region. https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/law-order/3029500-odisha-assembly-uproar-over-polavaram-dam-project  (25 July 2024)

Kaleshwaram Project Govt uses Kaleshwaram infra for drawing water The Telangana irrigation officials released water from Yellampally project to Nandi Medaram through the gravity canal. From Nandi Medaram, the officials have started lifting water by operating pump houses. Water, that is lifted, would be first sent to SRSP flood flow canal and finally to Mid Manair reservoir. If the inflows continue, the irrigation officials were planning to fill Ranganayaka Sagar, Mallanna Sagar and Kondapochamma Sagar, which are part of the Kaleshwaram lift irrigation scheme (KLIS). https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/government-utilizes-kaleshwaram-infrastructure-for-water-extraction/articleshow/112071954.cms  (28 July 2024)

Tamil Nadu Madras HC issues notice to Centre over challenge to DSA The Madras High Court on Tuesday (July 23) took significant action by admitting a PIL filed by DMK party member and Mayiladuthural MP, DMK party member and Mayiladuthural MP, D Ramalingam, challenging the constitutionality of the Dam Safety Act (Act 41 of 2021). The court has issued notices to the Union Ministries Law and Justice and Jal Shakti. DMK MP P Wilson argued that the Parliament lacked the competence to enact laws on matters listed under List II entry 17 of the Constitution, which typically fall within the state’s legislative domain. He said that this act violates the principle of cooperative federalism. The bench, comprising Acting Chief Justice M N Bhandari and Justice P D Audikesavalu, directed Additional Solicitor General R Sankaranarayanan to ensure that the Union govt refrains from constituting any authority under the newly notified act until further notice. Sankaranarayanan confirmed that no such authority had yet been formed. Furthermore, Wilson criticized various provisions of the Act as arbitrary, discriminatory, and unreasonable, infringing upon fundamental rights enshrined in Articles 14, 19, and 21 of constitution. https://lawtrend.in/madras-high-court-issues-notice-to-centre-over-challenge-to-dam-safety-act/#google_vignette (24 July 2024)

Sardar Sarovar Project Guj to seek larger share of waters as 45-yr allocation period ends in Dec Gujarat is expected to request a larger share of the Narmada River waters from Madhya Pradesh citing surging demands for agriculture and industry as the 45-year allocation period fixed by 1979 NWDT Award is due to end on Dec 12, two officials of Gujarat said. The push is fuelled by Gujarat’s “consistent full utilisation” of its share while Madhya Pradesh has been using less than half of its quota, the officials insisted.

– According to NCA, Gujarat used 9.21 MAF out of 11.27 MAF allocated to it in 2022-23. Madhya Pradesh utilised 8.84 MAF of its 22.85 MAF share. Officials said Madhya Pradesh’s under-utilisation has been consistent. In 2020-21, it used 9.39 MAF out of 24.61 MAF. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/guj-to-seek-larger-share-of-narmada-waters-as-45-yr-allocation-period-ends-in-dec-101721706211828.html  (23 July 2024)

Maharashtra Irrigation Scam HC quashes case against four govt officials The Bombay High Court on July 23 quashed an FIR against four officials of the Maharashtra irrigation department who were accused of increasing the cost of tenders floated for the Gosikhurd project in Vidarbha region. The Anti Corruption Bureau, Nagpur, had conducted an inquiry in the alleged irregularities committed by various officials while executing the project on the river Wainganga. Subsequently, First Information Reports were registered against many officials. In its ruling, the HC observed that the ACB official who conducted the open inquiry was not an expert in the field. Administrative lapses were noted in a departmental inquiry, but every administrative lapse cannot give rise to a criminal action, said the high court. https://theprint.in/india/gosikhurd-irrigation-scam-hc-quashes-case-against-four-govt-officials/2188124/  (23 July 2024)

Bhakra Dam Illegal muck dumping: HC fines HP forest dept 50K -The Himachal Pradesh high court has imposed a cost of Rs 50,000 against the state forest department for trying to protect the guilty and failing to initiate prosecution against the people involved in illegal muck dumping in the forests and along the Kiratpur-Manali national highway.

-In an order pronounced on Wednesday (July 24), the bench of Chief Justice M S Ramachandra Rao and Justice Satyen Vaidya stated that the affidavit submitted to the high court by the forest department made “no reference to prosecution against violators”.

-While rejecting the affidavit, the HC further observed that “the respondents are deliberately trying to avoid answering the query of the court and protecting the guilty”. Expressing surprise, the court during the last hearing in the case on June 13 had asked the Himachal Pradesh govt to explain why no prosecution had been initiated against those involved in muck-dumping in the forests in Bilaspur district.

-The state govt had filed an affidavit through the forest department informing the high court that a fine of Rs 8.45 lakh was imposed against the violators. However, the affidavit was silent on prosecuting the violators.

-The HC has also directed the NHAI to file a reply by the next hearing on deviations made in the road alignment during the widening of the Kiratpur-Manali highway without any approval of the state or the central govt. The HC stated that the NHAI was directed to explain about the deviations, but no reply had been filed. “Another opportunity is given to the NHAI to file a reply,” read the HC order.

-The high court had first asked the NHAI to file a status report on deviation in road alignment on April 1 this year. The forest department has already accepted the involvement of nine of its officials in the deviation case, six of whom have superannuated. However, the department has failed to take any action in the case so far. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/illegal-muck-dumping-himachal-pradesh-forest-department-fined-50k-by-high-court/articleshow/112000318.cms  (25 July 2024)

BBMB mulls mini dams at Bhakra, Pong reservoirs The Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) is exploring the prospect of constructing “mini dams” on the periphery of reservoirs at the Bhakra and Pong dams that will enable generation of several thousand MW of additional green power to meet the ever-growing demand for electricity. “We have prepared a feasibility report in this regard and four/five viable spots at each dam have been identified where such mini dams, called pumped power storage plant (PSP), can come up,” a senior BBMB official said. “This will be taken up with the stakeholders, including the Power Ministry and state governments, to discuss the way forward,” he said. The BBMB’s estimation for PSPs around Bhakra and Pong is about Rs 6,000 crore. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/bbmb-mulls-mini-dams-at-bhakra-pong-reservoirs-644238  (29 July 2024)

INTERLINKING OF RIVERS

Ken-Betwa Linking मुआवजे का पेच फंसा, विस्थापित ग्रामीणों की आपबीती भी सुनिए सरकार केन-बेतवा लिंक परियोजना (Ken Betwa link project) का विरोध होने लगा है. विस्थापित ग्रामीणों ने कम मुआवजा देने का आरोप लगाकार आंदोलन की चेतावनी दी है. साथ ही शासन व प्रशासन पर वादाखिलाफी का आरोप लगाया है. ग्रामीणों का कहना है कि वादा किया गया था कि पूरा मुआवजा देने के बाद ही खेती की जमीन ली जाएगी. लेकिन ऐसा नहीं हो रहा है. प्रशासन की वादाखिलाफी से ग्रामीण आक्रोशित हैं और आंदोलन की चेतावनी दे रहे हैं. ग्रामीणों का कहना है “ग्राम कूडन गहदरा में चौपाल लगाई गई थी. सभी के सामंजस्य से ये तय हुआ था कि जब तक जमीन, घर एवं खेत का मुआवजा नहीं मिल जाता जब तक खेती करने से नहीं रोका जाएगा. राजस्व भूमि ने जमीन को वन विभाग को दे दिया है. वन विभाग अपने अमले के साथ किसानों को खेती करने से रोक रहा है. नहीं रुकने पर कानूनी कार्रवाई की चेतावनी दे रहा है.” ट्रैक्टर एवं अन्य कृषि उपकरण को जब्त करने की धमकी दी जा रही है. इससे किसान नाराज हैं. https://www.etvbharat.com/hi/!state/ken-betwa-link-project-opposition-displaced-villagers-warned-agitation-alleging-less-compensation-mps24072201129  (22 July 2024)

पन्ना टाइगर रिजर्व के बाघों के जीवन में अमावस सी काली छाया बनेगी केन बेतवा नदी जोड़ो परियोजना। परियोजना के तहत टाइगर रिजर्व के कोर जोन में बनने वाले 77 मीटर ऊंचे और करीब दो किमी. लंबे बाध से टाइगर रिजर्व के कोर जोन का 60 वर्ग किमी क्षेत्र डूबेगा। अंतरराष्ट्रीय बाघ दिवस पर बाघों के जीवन पर आधारित खबर।

Bihar Experts vary about Kosi-Mechi river link Kosi-Mechi river interlinking project in Bihar is in news, with the Union Budget 2024-25 allocating a Rs 11,500 crore for flood control and irrigation projects across multiple states. This includes the Bihar project, a demand that the state government has been pressing for.

– With an estimated cost of Rs 4,900 crore, this project aims to connect the Kosi river, and divert its surplus water to the Mechi, a tributary of the Mahananda river through a 76.2 km long canal. WRD officials said the project would resolve the issue of floods in Supaul, Saharsa, Kishanganj, Purnia, and Araria districts. Besides, it will help irrigate 214,000 ha. Dinesh Kumar Mishra, a flood expert and authority on the river network in Bihar, stated that linking a larger flow river with a low or less flow river like the Kosi-Mechi river linking project is not viable. Mahendra Yadav, an activist working with flood victims in the Kosi region, said the river linkage will not be a solution for flooding inside and outside the Kosi embankment. “There is no explanation for how the interlinkage will stop flooding. Its irrigation capabilities are questionable too. This is nothing more than a large-scale project to loot people’s money by a network of powerful contractors and politicians”. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/governance/budget-2024-25-fuels-hopes-for-bihars-long-awaited-kosi-mechi-river-link-but-experts-wary  (24 July 2024)

Maharashtra Governor Approves ₹80K cr Wainganga-Nalganga river linking Deputy CM Devendra Fadnavis announced on Thursday (July 11) that Governor Ramesh Bais has granted in-principle approval for the Rs 80000 crore Wainganga-Nalganga river linking project. Fadnavis mentioned that he met Governor Bais on July 9 to request an urgent approval for the project. The Governor has now granted the in-principle nod, which signifies a major step forward for the ambitious project. https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/business/3013791-governor-approves-rs-80000-crore-wainganga-nalganga-river-linking-project  (11 July 2024)

URBAN RIVERS

Mithi; Mumbai More than a rainwater drain for city The quiet Mithi River turned hostile on July 26, 2005, flooding the city in the record 944 millimetres rainfall that day. Pinched and bent in places, narrowed by encroachments, treated like a sewage stream, the Mithi became the focus of Mumbai’s flood prevention. But, instead of ecological restoration, it has been turned into a “project” with nearly Rs 3,000 crore earmarked or spent into walling it, raising its riverbed, desilting, and setting up sewage treatment plants. Nearly 20 years after the deluge, the Mithi is far from the clean flowing watercourse it should have been and, unfortunately, is seen in isolation from Mumbai’s ecology. https://questionofcities.org/mithi-more-than-a-rainwater-drain-for-mumbai-but-tell-that-to-the-authorities/  (27 July 2024)

Musi; Hyderabad CM seeks ₹4K cr fund for RFD project The CM requested the Union Minister to allocate Rs 4,000 crore for the sewage treatment works in Musi River under the National River Conservation Plan and Rs 6,000 crore for filling up Osmansagar and Himayatsagar lakes with Godavari river water. The CM pointed out that filling up Osmansagar and Himayatsagar lakes with Godavari river water would solve Hyderabad’s water problems. He also brought to the Union Minister’s notice that despite the launch of Jal Jeevan Mission in 2019, no funds have been released to Telangana so far. https://www.deccanchronicle.com/southern-states/telangana/cm-revanth-reddy-seeks-centres-funds-for-musi-river-front-project-1811673  (22 July 2024)

RIVERS

MoJS Centre pushes for mandatory floodplain zoning law With only four states complying despite repeated reminders, the Centre is contemplating making it mandatory for states to enact floodplain zoning legislation if they want to access central flood management funds, officials have said. The four states that have enacted such legislations are: Manipur, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, and the erstwhile Jammu & Kashmir. A senior official said the Ministry of Jal Shakti has been in continuous communication with state governments, urging them to notify the Flood Plain Zoning Act and demarcate flood zones.

– Recently, the Central Water Commission updated the Model Act, and the ministry plans to initiate another round of consultations with states, the official said. The official said the ministry has proposed making the enactment of the Flood Plain Zoning Act a prerequisite for states to access funds under the Flood Management and Border Areas Programme (FMBAP). “We are going for a Cabinet approval for the next phase of the Flood Management and Border Areas Programme. For that, now the condition for any State to access resources under the FMBAP will be that the state must have enacted the Flood Plain Zoning Act. So, you will not get money if you have not enacted the Flood Plain Zoning Act,” the official said. https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/national/2024/07/28/del10-floods-regulation-compliance.html  (28 July 2024)

Webinar Protecting Flood Plains Damage to floodplains harms the riverine ecosystem, lessens groundwater recharge capacity and poses threats of flash floods. Typically located next to rivers, streams and coasts, floodplains are nature’s best defence against destructive floods. They provide essential habitat for wildlife, improve water quality and protect human communities.

However, floodplains are often considered prime building locations. Development along river corridors has significantly altered floodplain functions, leading to more frequent and severe floods, extensive loss of fish and wildlife habitat. As climate change leads to larger and more severe storms, rivers will need more room to flow. The latest government data shows that Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have had the maximum areas affected by floods between 1953 and 2010. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezlsRqz_OT0  (25 April 2024)

Vikalp Sangam Immersed in legal waters -The legal path paved by judgements and the CPCB guidelines can only provide a road map, but its implementation relies on collaboration. Consumers should purchase eco-friendly idols and indulge in responsible immersion practices. With help from citizens and environmental organizations, artisans can produce beautiful and sustainable idols. The government can encourage reform and create proper waste management infrastructure. Vendors can prioritise the selling of environmentally responsible idols.

-This approach goes beyond the festival itself. Initiatives such as Punaravartan’s clay recycling programme highlight the power of a circular economy, in which waste from one activity is used as an input in another. By encouraging creativity and inventiveness, we can ensure that the blessings of Ganesh Chaturthi benefit not just devotees but also the environment. https://vikalpsangam.org/article/immersed-in-legal-waters/  (17 July 2024)

Jharkhand MoEF has imposed a fine of Rs 409 on NTPC for illegal coal mining in 156 ha, for diverting the Dumuhana stream and not adhering to condition of creating a green belt around the stream in Hazaribag district. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/409-cr-fine-imposed-on-ntpc-for-illegal-mining-in-jharkhand-642080  (22 July 2024)

Himachal Pradesh HC forms STF to check stream cleaning The Himachal High Court division bench of Justice Tarlok Singh Chauhan and Sushil Kukreja has ordered constitution of a special task force to clean up hill side streams and 109 hot spots. https://himbumail.com/bar-and-benches/hp-high-court-constitutes-special-task-force  (25 July 2024)

GANGA Uttarakhand, Govt presses ahead with Chardham’s Netala bypass Four years after a high-powered committee appointed by the Supreme Court rejected construction of the Netala bypass road on the Uttarkashi-Gangotri route under the Chardham project, the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) is going ahead with the contentious alignment and has sought forest clearance from an environment ministry panel citing “active landslide sites” on the old route, The Indian Express has learnt.

The 8.7-km bypass alignment, proposed between Hina and Tekhla on NH-34 in Uttarkashi district, was rejected by the committee in its July 2020 report to the Supreme Court on grounds of adverse environmental and social impacts. “This bypass is recommended to be dropped because the geological infirmities on the existing alignment can be rectified and the local villagers, district administration and the MLA are not in favour,” the committee had said in its recommendation to the Supreme Court. The geological infirmities the committee referred to in its report were landslide zones on the existing NH-34, which it said could be treated.

The bypass road will involve diversion of 17.5 hectares of forest land and axing of 2,751 trees and acquisition of 5.4 hectares from Siror village. The project also falls in the fragile Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone (BESZ), a 4,157 sq km expanse between Gangotri and Uttarkashi town. The BESZ was notified in 2012 to protect River Ganga’s ecology and watershed near its origin. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/chardham-bypass-after-red-flag-by-sc-panel-govt-cites-landslide-sites-for-nod-9481637/  (29 July 2024)

West Bengal Govt to move motion in Assembly to discuss river treaties Trinamool Congress will move a motion in the Assembly seeking discussion on the river treaties with Bangladesh. “Since the Union government is going ahead with the important decision regarding crucial treaties about water sharing without consulting the state government, we have to object to such an approach of the Centre,” a senior member of the state cabinet said. He said that moving a motion on this issue on the floor of the house and initiating a detailed discussion on the matter is the best way forward. Earlier, this month, the CM said that the renewal of the Indo-Bangladesh Farakka Treaty (1996) which is set to expire in 2026, will not only impact West Bengal but also the neighbouring state of Bihar. https://www.thestatesman.com/bengal/trinamool-to-move-motion-in-assembly-seeking-discussion-on-river-treaties-with-bdesh-1503325721.html  (29 July 2024)

YAMUNA Delhi Your jeans may be adding ‘toxicity’ into river Bhim Singh Rawat of SANDRP pointed out that while the Yamuna can dilute organic pollutants like sewage and flowers depending on the flow, the inorganic pollutants like dyeing chemicals impact the cleansing ability of the river. “They severely affect the health of the river and damage the aquatic ecosystem,” said Rawat. “Since such units release effluents that are rich in phosphate, this also results in froth formation in the river.”

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/impact-of-illegal-dyeing-units-on-yamuna-river-ecosystem/articleshowprint/112071766.cms  (28 July 2024)

Choked Yamuna fuels vector disease worries The 2-3km stretch of the Yamuna along the Okhla barrage in southeast Delhi is currently covered with a thick layer of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). This water weed is not only deteriorating the already sub-standard water quality of the river, but also acts as a potential breeding ground for mosquitoes, which may lead to a rise in vector-borne diseases, senior Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) officials said. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/delhi-news/choked-yamuna-fuels-vector-disease-worries-in-delhi-101722190547616.html  (29 July 2024)

Taking note of froth in the heavily polluted Yamuna river in Delhi, the AAP government on Friday (July 26) asked the Centre to instruct Haryana and UP to ensure industries there do not release untreated residue in the river. The government is concerned about the sudden rise in pollution level in Yamuna and has put in “urgent measures” to control the situation, ruling AAP said in a statement. “This problem has occurred all of a sudden due excessive industrial waste being released from UP and Haryana that is entering Delhi through river Yamuna,” it claimed. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/delhi-goes-to-centre-seeks-instructions-to-haryana-up-over-yamuna-froth-6196981  (26 July 2024)

SAND MINING

Jammu & Kashmir Why isn’t technology used to curb riverbed mining? The specific condition No. 30 Environmental Clearance guidelines of J&K State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority -SEIAA calls upon the Geology and Mining Department to use technology like Bar Coding, IT, web-based services, SMS applications to account for weight of minerals being taken out of the mining block and the number of trucks moving out with the mineral. This condition is also violated.  Leaving aside these guidelines, the Department isn’t even implementing its own recommendations that were made in its 2022 Sand Mining Annual Report. In this age of technology, when we see CCTVs cameras installed in every nook and corner of J&K, why aren’t these electronic gadgets installed around mining sites? ( Dr Raja Muzaffar Bhat) https://kashmirobserver.net/2024/07/27/why-isnt-technology-used-to-curb-riverbed-mining/ (27 Jul 2024)

Himachal Pradesh Relevant decisions of FAC meeting held on July 4, 2024: – – Proposal for non-forestry use of 6.2255 ha. of forest land for extraction of Sand, Stone and Bajri from Yamuna River, within the jurisdiction of Paonta Sahib Forest Div, Dist Sirmour in Himachal Pradesh: More Info Sought. https://forestsclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FAC_Minutes/71122121412171MoMParivesh10.pdf 

Uttar Pradesh क्या अवैध खनन से पारिस्थितिकी संवेदनशील क्षेत्र पर पड़ रहा है असर -उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार ने अभी तक कछुआ वन्यजीव अभ्यारण्य के पारिस्थितिकी-संवेदनशील क्षेत्र का सीमांकन नहीं किया है। इस क्षेत्र का जल्द से जल्द सीमांकन बेहद जरूरी है। इसके साथ ही स्थानीय प्रशासन को खनन विभाग की मदद से भदोही में इब्राहिमपुर गांव के पास स्थापित कार्यालय और तौल कांटा को ध्वस्त कर दिया जाना चाहिए। वहां खनिजों का जो भंडारण किया गया है, उसकी जांच की जानी चाहिए। यह बाते उत्तर प्रदेश प्रदूषण नियंत्रण बोर्ड की संयुक्त समिति ने अपनी रिपोर्ट में कही हैं।

-गौरतलब है कि यह रिपोर्ट नेशनल ग्रीन ट्रिब्यूनल द्वारा 18 अप्रैल, 2024 को दिए आदेश पर कोर्ट के समक्ष प्रस्तुत की गई है। बता दें कि आवेदक ने शिकायत की थी कि प्रयागराज, मिर्जापुर और संत रविदास नगर में भारी मशीनरी की मदद से रेत खनन का काला कारोबार जारी है। इसकी वजह से कछुआ वन्यजीव अभयारण्य के प्रजनन स्थल और जलीय जीवन को नुकसान हो रहा है।

-वहीं प्रयागराज के जिला मजिस्ट्रेट ने डीएफओ प्रयागराज के अनुरोध का हवाला देते हुए आदेश दिया कि कछुआ अभयारण्य के पारिस्थितिकी-संवेदनशील क्षेत्र को देखते हुए 10 किलोमीटर के दायरे में कोई खनन पट्टा स्वीकृत नहीं किया जाना चाहिए। आदेश में अभयारण्य के पारिस्थितिकी-संवेदनशील क्षेत्रों में किसी भी तरह के अवैध रेत खनन को रोकने की सलाह दी गई है। https://hindi.downtoearth.org.in/mining/is-illegal-mining-affecting-the-ecologically-sensitive-area-in-uttar-pradesh-know-what-is-the-opinion-of-the-committee  (26 July 2024)

Haryana ED arrests MLA in illegal mining case ED officials are probing first information reports registered by Haryana Police in Sonepat, Bhiwani and Yamunanagar, where illegal mining of boulders, gravel and sand is being carried out despite the NGT ban. The ED is also probing an alleged fraud in the “e-Ravana scheme”, an online portal introduced by the Haryana government in 2020 to simplify tax collection prevent evasion in the mining areas.  The Haryana assembly elections are expected to be held in October. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/haryana-ed-arrests-sonepat-congress-mla-surender-panwar-in-illegal-mining-case-101721459755329.html  (20 July 2024)

Andhra Pradesh Illegal sand mining rampant in Vamsadhara river Illegal sand mining is rampant in Vamsadhara river at Hiramandal in Pathapatnam Assembly constituency limits. For the last several days, with the alleged support of the officials’ concerned, sand is being excavated during nights. The sand mining location is very near to the Hiramandal revenue office and police station. After excavating the sand from the river indiscriminately through earthmovers, the violators are dumping it near the banks of river. Later, they are shifting it to different places for selling at high prices. According to information, daily about 30 lorries of sand is being shifted to different places and is sold for Rs 35,000 a load. The price changes based on demand and distance apart from risks.

 Sand miners are using a temporary road laid by a Vamsadhara reservoir contractor across the river. In the wake of alleged involvement of ruling NDA local leaders, officials of police, revenue, Special Enforcement Bureau (SEB), mines and geology departments remained silent spectators. In the last several months, officials gave permissions for sand mining in the Vamsadhara river for the purpose reservoir works. Taking advantage of it, sand miners are digging sand illegally and indiscriminately with earthmovers. Even though the government appealed to people to register complaints on illegal sand mining but they have no trust in the officials concerned departments while lower level staff are also fearing about their personal safety. https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/illegal-sand-mining-rampant-in-vamsadhara-river-890673  (10 July 2024)

GROUNDWATER

87 फीसदी दोहित भूजल की खपत सिचांई में  -किसानों की भूजल पर निर्भरता को लेकर आज सदन में पूछे गए एक प्रश्न के उत्तर में, कृषि और किसान कल्याण मंत्री शिवराज सिंह चौहान ने राज्यसभा में कहा कि केंद्रीय भूजल बोर्ड (सीजीडब्ल्यूबी), जल शक्ति मंत्रालय और राज्य भूजल विभाग की मूल्यांकन रिपोर्ट 2023 के अनुसार, कुल वार्षिक भूजल पुनर्भरण 449 बिलियन क्यूबिक मीटर (बीसीएम) और वार्षिक निष्कर्षण योग्य भूजल संसाधन 407 बीसीएम है। वर्ष 2023 के लिए पूरे देश का कुल वार्षिक भूजल निष्कर्षण लगगभ 241 बीसीएम था। कृषि क्षेत्र भूजल संसाधनों का सबसे बड़ा उपभोक्ता है, जो कुल वार्षिक भूजल निकाले जाने का 87 फीसदी हिस्सा है, जो 209.74 बीसीएम है। https://hindi.downtoearth.org.in/water/in-parliament-today-87-percent-of-indias-agriculture-is-dependent-on-groundwater-agriculture-and-farmers-welfare-minister  (27 July 2024)

Punjab ‘Sanjha Morcha’ protest outside Zira ethanol plant on for two years Braving the weather vagaries for the past two years, members of the ‘Sanjha Morcha’ have been protesting outside the ethanol plant run by Malbros International Private Limited at Mansurwala village in Zira for contaminating groundwater. The protesters along with hundreds of people belonging to nearby villages gathered at a gurdwara in Mahiawala Kalan and decided to write open letters to all MPs of Punjab so that this matter could be raised in Parliament during the monsoon session.

On January 17, 2023, CM Bhagwant Mann had announced the closure of this ethanol plant on his social media account. However, the protesters refused to lift the dharna and asked for written orders, which are still awaited. The protesters have also been demanding compensation for the families who lost their kin due to ailments allegedly caused by the contaminated groundwater and penalty against the plant administration, besides setting up of a multi-specialty hospital in the area. On July 16, a team of the Enforcement Directorate had conducted raids at seven locations belonging to former SAD MLA Deep Malhotra, including at this ethanol plant, and reportedly recovered Rs 78.15 lakh. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/sanjha-morcha-protest-outside-ethanol-plant-on-for-two-years-644316  (29 July 2024)

Dangerous amount of toxicity in groundwater Heavy metals and anthropogenic pollutants beyond the permissible limits for human consumption have been reported in isolated pockets in groundwater of Punjab. This was revealed in a report submitted by Minister of State for Jal Shakti Raj Bhushan Chaudhary in reply to a question by Congress MP Charanjit Singh Channi. According to the minister, groundwater samples showed dangerous concentrations of contaminants such as nitrate, iron, arsenic, selenium, chromium, manganese, nickel, cadmium, lead and uranium, all exceeding permissible limits set by the Bureau of Indian Standards. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/dangerous-amount-of-toxicity-in-punjab-groundwater-report-643361  (26 July 2024)

Study Cryosphere–groundwater connectivity a missing link in mountain water cycle Abstract: –The mountain cryosphere and groundwater play pivotal roles in shaping the hydrological cycle, yet their connectivity remains incompletely understood. Current knowledge on meltwater recharge and consequent groundwater discharge processes is better developed for snow–groundwater connectivity than for glacier–groundwater connectivity. Estimates of meltwater recharge vary considerably, which is probably a function of not only inherent catchment characteristics but also of the different spatio-temporal scales involved and the uncertainties in the methods used. This hinders a comprehensive understanding of the mountain water cycle. As glaciers retreat, permafrost thaws and snowpack diminishes, the relative importance of mountain groundwater is expected to increase. However, shifting and declining recharge from the cryosphere may decrease absolute groundwater amounts and fluxes with as-yet unknown effects on catchment-scale hydrological processes. We therefore stress the need to better quantify mountain cryosphere–groundwater connectivity to predict climate change impacts on mountain water supply and to support sustainable water resource management of downstream socio-ecological systems. (Paper needs subscription) https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00277-8  (19 July 2024)

URBAN LAKES, WETLANDS

Bhopal Task to save Bhoj wetland from being delisted as Ramsar site Indian govt will have to take a plea of “urgent national interests” in its response to the Ramsar Convention secretariat that sought clarification from it on the matter. India’s claim will then be scrutinised with a reality check on the ground by the Secretariat that designated the Bhoj wetland as a Ramsar site in August, 2002. Experts at the secretariat will examine India’s clarification and send its report to a standing committee. Delisting will happen only if India fails to convince the Committee based on the ground report. It is learnt that the issue may also impact Bhopal’s proposed nomination for ‘Wetland City Accreditation’ under the Ramsar Convention. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-faces-uphill-task-to-save-bhoj-wetland-from-being-delisted-as-ramsar-site/articleshow/111890045.cms  (20 July 2024)

Bhoj wetland runs risk of being taken off Ramsar list Taking note of the matter, Beom-Sik Yoo, senior advisor (Asia/Oceania) at the Convention secretariat, informed a complainant that the secretariat regularly produced an update of wetlands of international importance to the standing committee and COP (conference of parties). “You may find an update of your report (complaint) on Bhoj wetland in the next report (of the committee),” Yoo wrote. Another official at the secretariat informed the complainant that they were “in contact with the govt of India” regarding the wetland. The environment ministry, however, did not respond to TOI’s questions on the issue despite several reminders. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/bhoj-wetland-faces-delisting-from-ramsar-convention-list/articleshow/111617154.cms  (10 July 2024)

Hyderabad Will demolish illegal tourism building on lake: Govt to HC The state govt on July 24 admitted before the Telangana high court that its tourism and hospitality management institute in Gachibowli had indeed encroached upon the full tank limit (FTL) of an adjacent lake and illegally raised a structure, which, it assured, would soon be demolished. At the same time, Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA) commissioner also promised the bench that a final notification on FTL limits of 2,525 lakes within its purview would be issued within three months.

– The bench of Chief Justice Alok Aradhe and Justice J Anil Kumar was hearing a PIL filed by Hyderabad-based NGO Human Rights and Consumer Protection Cell Trust accusing authorities of inaction despite encroachment of Ramamma Kunta by none other than its own National Institute of Tourism and Hospitality Management (NITHM). “There are 3,532 lakes within the territorial limits of HMDA. Preliminary notification was issued for 2,525 lakes. We could also issue final notification for 230 lakes so far. We will commence the task of issuing preliminary and final notifications in respect of remaining lakes also,” the HMDA commissioner told the bench, after being asked to appear before the bench for lack of implementation of court orders in July 2023. The bench then directed him to issue final notifications in respect of 2,525 lakes and furnish a compliance report on other lakes by Nov 4. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/government-to-demolish-illegal-tourism-building-on-lake/articleshow/112000426.cms  (25 July 2024)

Bollaram lake Varrakunta sinks without trace The lake in Bollaram village in Sangareddy’s Jinnaram mandal — known as Varrakunta — is now untraceable with officials attributing its ‘disappearance’ to rapid urbanisation and land allotment for industrial development.

This startling disclosure was made by senior officials of Sangareddy in a recent report filed with NGT southern bench in Chennai. The lake was spread over an area of 0.32 guntas. The issue came to light following a petition filed by Thakur Raj Kumar Singh of Human Rights and Consumer Protection Cell Trust. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/bollaram-lake-varrakunta-disappears-due-to-urbanization/articleshowprint/111873171.cms  (20 July 2024)

Bengaluru KSPCB issues notice to industries over lakes pollution The KSPCB has said that it issued notices to 8 industries and a procedure has been initiated to file a criminal case against one industry in Bengaluru Rural, all of which were found to be not complying with environment rules. The KSPCB found itself in the spotlight after activist Girish N P moved the NGT against pollution of five lakes in Doddaballapur.

The environment officer of Doddaballapur submitted that there are 57 industries, of which 23 are in red category. Of them, 3 are pharmaceutical industries, 1 is a printed circuit board manufacturing unit, 9 are yarn and fabric dyeing units, 8 have surface treatment facility, 1 is a waste paper recycling industry and 1 unit is a central effluent treatment plant facilitator. The officer said he has forwarded a report to KSPCB head office, seeking authorisation to file a criminal case against Supreme Solar Projects Pvt Ltd. A notice has been issued to other industries, he said. https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/kspcb-issues-notice-to-doddaballapur-industries-over-water-pollution-3126054  (29 July 2024)

Mumbai Eco-warrior priest who fought to save Vasai wetlands no more Fr Francis D’Britto, 81, was also an author who had translated the Bible into Marathi. His family said he breathed his last at his home in Vasai on July 25. The environmental campaigner was known for his active involvement in various public movements, particularly the Harit Vasai initiative aimed at promoting environmental sustainability and green practices. He had also formed an environmental protection committee to counter MMR’s draft plan to set up a growth centre on 1,560 acres of former salt pan lands in Vasai’s wetlands. He had termed it “builder driven” to destroy Vasai’s green zone. “Most green belts have been proposed as development zones. We have been fighting against reckless development for three decades,” he had said. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/eco-warrior-priest-fr-francis-dbritto-passes-away-after-fighting-to-save-vasai-wetlands/articleshow/112026927.cms  (26 July 2024)

URBAN WATER

Delhi Water supply remains affected for fifth day  Delhi continued to face a water shortage for the fifth consecutive day on Sunday (July 28) because levels of ammonia and pollutants remain high in the Yamuna, affecting water production at three of the DJB water treatment plants, officials aware of the matter said. The city faces a shortfall of 40-50 MGD of potable water — on Sunday (July 28), DJB, according to its water supply report, supplied 959 MGD water to the city against the daily normal supply of 1,000 MGD.

North and west Delhi areas are primarily affected by the shortage. “Less production at Wazirabad, Haiderpur and Bawana WTPs due to high ammonia in river and shortage of raw water,” the DJB report said. A water supply bulletin covers the 24-hour preceding period. Water supply began getting affected on July 24 when the daily supply dropped to 971 MGD. On July 25 it dropped to 930 MGD and further to 904 MGD on July 26. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/delhi-news/water-supply-remains-affected-for-fifth-day-running-in-delhi-101722190486924.html  (29 July 2024)

Water crisis is back as ammonia level rises The water supply crisis has resurfaced in the city, this time because of excessive ammonia in the water and low raw water supply in various water treatment plants. DJB officials said the two problems of ammonia and lower raw water supply, coming together have increased difficulties. The current situation mirrors the challenges the city faced during the heatwaves in May and June when water production was reduced at Wazirabad and residents grappled with severe shortage across the city. Then, the problem supposedly was the low water supply from neighbouring Haryana. DJB has reported issues with the supply as four of its WTP have been impacted.

The water bulletin on Friday (July 26) indicated that all the plants had experienced a significant reduction in production, leading to a difference of 90 MGD from the average production target of DJB. Wazirabad has a capacity of 131 MGD but is producing 96 MGD of drinkable water. Chandrawal, which should be producing at least 94 MGD, is producing 76 MGD. Bawana has a capacity of 20 MGD but is producing 19 MGD. When ammonia level rises in a river beyond treatment capacity of the WTP, lifting of raw water from the river is reduced and the cleaner water from other plants is diverted to the affected ones to dilute the presence of pollutants. Currently the ammonia treatment capacity of all plants is 1ppm. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/water-crisis-in-delhi-due-to-ammonia-and-raw-water-shortage/articleshow/112052898.cms  (27 July 2024)

Bhopal Gas leak’s toxic waste disposal may spark health crisis The after-effects of the December 2, 1984 gas leak, widely considered to be the biggest industrial disaster worldwide, have affected lakhs across generations. Many children have been born with deformities, and adults living close to the factory have suffered acute health effects of toxic gases for life. The toxic waste has polluted groundwater of 42 settlements around the ruins of the Union Carbide factory with Persistent Organic Pollutants. The Supreme Court acknowledged this and ordered the provision of clean water to the affected areas. Over the past five years, this pollution has spread to 29 more settlements.

-Trial runs at the Pithampur facility to incinerate the waste have been largely unsuccessful, with six out of seven test runs failing and resulting in the release of toxic chemicals. Local organisations have warned of protests if public health is affected.

-In fact, Madhya Pradesh government filed a Special Leave Petition in Supreme Court in 2012, opposing the incineration of the toxic waste in Pithampur. Concerns were raised about possible pollution of Yashwant Sagar Dam, a key water source for Indore city, and health risks to those staying near the incineration facility. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ndtv-exclusive-bhopal-gas-tragedy-how-disposal-of-bhopal-gas-leaks-toxic-waste-may-spark-big-health-crisis-6175821  (24 July 2024)

भोपाल गैस त्रासदी के 40 साल बाद फिर से पीथमपुर को कचरा जलाने के लिए चुना गया है। सरकार ने 337 मीट्रिक टन कचरे को नष्ट करने के लिए 126 करोड़ की मंजूरी देकर पैसा ट्रांसफर भी कर दिया है। अब कचरा लाने की तारीख और समय तय किया जाना बाकी है। कचरा लाने की खबर के बाद कई संगठनों और जनप्रतिनिधियों का सोशल मीडिया पर गुस्सा फूटा है। युवाओं ने विधायक और सांसद पर जमकर भड़ास निकाली है। इस कचरे का निपटान पीथमपुर के ट्रीटमेंट स्टोरेज डिस्पोजल फैसिलिटी में किया जाएगा। इस सेंटर पर पहले भी कई परीक्षण किए जा चुके हैं, जो कि असफल रहे हैं, और इसके परिणामस्वरूप अत्यधिक जहरीले रसायनों का उत्सर्जन हुआ है। https://www.deshgaon.com/voices/local-people-and-farmers-are-worried-over-the-preparations-to-burn-union-carbides-waste-in-pithampur/  (27 July 2024)

JJM/ RURAL WATER SUPPLY

Jammu & Kashmir Water scarcity goes unheard at Baramulla for months Severe water scarcity for the past few months was the reason behind a clash between locals and security forces in the Mirgund area of Baramulla district on Friday (July 19). The protesters later resorted to stone pelting, which was first major clash between locals and security forces in the Valley last week since 2019. The locals, however, said they approached the authorities concerned several times to address the problem of water shortage, but to no avail. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/j-k/water-scarcity-goes-unheard-at-baramulla-district-for-months-642027  (22 July 2024)

WATER

Study Earth water oxygen levels depleting fast A new study has said that oxygen dissolved in world’s water bodies is dwindling rapidly, posing one of the greatest risks to Earth’s life support system. Study is by the team of scientists from the United States. This is happening due to climate change, Science Alert reported. Warmer water holds less oxygen, which is a fundamental problem for aquatic life that relies on dissolved oxygen for survival.

– The research team wants aquatic deoxygenation to be added to the list of “planetary boundaries”, which are thresholds that allow humanity to develop and thrive. So far, there are nine planetary boundaries – climate change, ocean acidification, stratospheric ozone depletion, interference with the global phosphorus and nitrogen cycles, rate of biodiversity loss, global freshwater use, land-system change, aerosol loading and chemical pollution.

– “Relevant, critical oxygen thresholds are being approached at rates comparable to other planetary boundary processes,” they further wrote. Other reasons for fast depletion of aquatic oxygen are spurt in algae and bacteria by influx of organic matter and nutrients in the form of agricultural and domestic fertilizers, sewage and industrial waste. The research was published in Nature Ecology & Evolution (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02448-y). https://www.ndtv.com/science/earths-water-depleting-fast-says-study-explains-why-its-dangerous-6161614 (22 July 2024 )

Book Remembering Wallace J. Nichols: the blue mind scientist His (Wallace J. Nichols, who died in June at age 56) bestselling book Blue Mind, first published a decade ago, weaved together years of research and insights into how being in, on or near water can improve our self-awareness, creativity and health. This book was foundational in bringing the understanding of water’s effect on our psychological wellbeing into mainstream, popular consciousness. https://theconversation.com/remembering-wallace-j-nichols-the-blue-mind-scientist-who-explained-our-human-connection-to-water-233004  (12 July 2024)

AGRICULTURE

Karnataka 1,182 farmers have died by suicide in the last 15 months The revenue department of Karnataka released the data on farmer suicides in the last 15 months— from April 2023 to July 2024. The numbers revealed that during the period, 1,182 farmers allegedly died by suicide, mainly due to severe drought, crop loss, and overwhelming debt. The shocking numbers are symptomatic of the challenges that ails the agriculture sector. https://thesouthfirst.com/karnataka/1182-karnataka-farmers-have-died-by-suicide-in-the-last-15-months-what-the-numbers-reveal/  (12 July 2024)

SUMMER 2024

Jammu & Kashmir Wake up call! Kashmir is grappling with unprecedented high temperatures from the last three weeks. The prevailing heat wave is so immense that it has almost dried up river Jhelum and led to low water levels in other water bodies. People are facing acute shortage of drinking water supply. Besides agriculture and horticulture sectors have also been badly affected due to prolonged dry spell. Now the situation has reached to such a stage that people are offering special prayers at revered shrines for rains. https://www.greaterkashmir.com/opinion/wake-up-call/  (29 July 2024)

MONSOON 2024

Research Global warming is messing with our rainfall The past century of human-induced warming has increased rainfall variability over 75% of the Earth’s land area – particularly over Australia, Europe and eastern North America, new research shows. The findings, by Chinese researchers and the UK Met Office, were published overnight in the journal Science. They provide the first systematic observational evidence that climate change is making global rainfall patterns more volatile. This study looks solely at variability, which refers to uneven timing and amount of rainfall. This means dry periods are drier than in the past, and rainy periods are wetter.

–  To come to grips with these findings, it helps to understand the factors that determine how much heavy rain a storm produces – and how these factors are being affected by global warming. The first factor is how much water vapour is present in the air. Earth has warmed 1.5°C since the industrial revolution – equating to a 10% increase in water vapour in the lower atmosphere. So this is driving storms to become rainier.

– Second is how strong the storm winds can get, and third is how easily large raindrops form from smaller cloud particles. More research is needed to understand how these factors are affected by climate change, but the current evidence is that together they further amplify increases in rainfall over short time intervals and for very extreme storms, while reducing the increases for weaker storms. https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/landmark-new-research-shows-how-global-warming-is-messing-with-our-rainfall-101722157910229.html  (28 July 2024)

FLOOD 2024

SANDRP Blog NMDC’s Iron Ore ‘Check-Dam’ Flood Disaster in Chhattisgarh The heavy rainfall spells are a reality and large share of blame lies with NMDC for not taking adequate safety measures for the management of its iron ore waste containing structures.

The concerned citizens and affected people hope that the inquiry report just not become a formality but conducted in impartial manner so that it brings necessary changes in the approach and functioning of NMDC’s and district administration, Dantewada and Nagar Palika Kirandul. Otherwise, another repeat of such man-made flood disaster could be just round the corner. https://sandrp.in/2024/07/26/july-2024-nmdcs-iron-ore-check-dam-flood-disaster-in-chhattisgarh/  (26 July 2024)

Rajasthan पहली बार भरा और रिसने लगा 30 करोड़ का बांध झालावाड़ क्षेत्र के रोशनबाड़ी लघु सिंचाई परियोजना के तहत बनाए गए बांध में पहली बार पानी आया और इसमें रिसाव शुरू हो गया। इस बांध को बने दो साल हो गए और इस पर करीब 29 करोड़ 85 लाख रुपए की लागत आई है। बांध पहली बार भरा है और रिसाव होना कहीं न कहीं इसकी निर्माण गुणवत्ता पर सवालिया निशान है। https://www.patrika.com/jhalawar-news/the-dam-worth-rs-30-crores-was-filled-for-the-first-time-and-started-leaking-18873459  (28 July 2024)

Maharashtra Govt asks K’taka to release more water from Almatti dam In view of heavy rainfall in parts of western Maharashtra, the state government has urged Karnataka to release more water from Almatti dam to avoid flooding in Sangli and Kolhapur districts, Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar said on July 25. https://www.business-standard.com/politics/maharashtra-govt-asks-k-taka-to-release-more-water-from-almatti-dam-124072500559_1.html  (25 July 2024)

Karnataka KRS dam: Retaining wall of water discharge basin collapses With the Cauvery Neeravari Nigam Limited (CNNL) releasing thousands of cusecs of water from the KRS reservoir to river, the retaining wall of the water basin, abutting Naguvana Farm, in Srirangapatna, Mandya district has collapsed. The retaining wall, which was renovated around six months back, collapsed just few hours after reservoir gates were open inviting the wrath of the people, who have accused the authorities of carrying out sub-standard works. https://starofmysore.com/release-of-water-from-krs-reservoir-retaining-wall-of-water-discharge-basin-collapses/  (24 July 2024)

Govt  to take up silt studies in dams to prevent flooding The state govt agencies along with experts are now working to take up silt studies at all reservoirs. The study can not only help in planning projects better, but also aid in taking measures to ensure dam safety, improve water holding capacity and prevent flooding. https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2024/Jul/28/government-agencies-to-take-up-silt-studies-in-karnataka-dams-to-prevent-flooding  (28 July 2024)

Report 4 states get ₹150 cr for flood control A high-level committee met under the chairmanship of Union Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah on July 25 and approved several disaster mitigation and capacity-building projects for states. The committee considered nine proposals for funding from the National Disaster Mitigation Fund and the National Disaster Response Fund to combat urban flooding in six cities, mitigate glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) in four hill states. The GLOF risk mitigation project proposal of Rs 150 crore was approved for Himachal, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal. The six projects of Rs 2,514.36 crore cleared for urban flood management will cover Mumbai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad and Pune. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/hp-among-4-states-get-150-cr-for-flood-control-643380#goog_rewarded   (26 July 2024)

Himachal Pradesh शाक्टी–मरोड़ में बरसे बादल, अर्ली फ्लड सिस्टम ने प्रोजेक्ट भेजी सूचना शाक्टी में स्थापित अर्ली फ्लड सिस्टम मशीन ने अपना कार्य करना शुरू कर दिया है। क्षेत्र तेज बारिश होते ही मशीन ने इसकी सूचना एचपीपीसीएल 100 मेगावाट परियोजना कार्यालय लारजी को भेज दी। शाक्टी में एचपीपीसीएल की ओर से 69 लाख की लागत से अर्ली फ्लड सिस्टम मशीन स्थापित की गई है। इससे बाढ़ और आपदा से पूर्व जानकारी मिल जाएगी। इससे नुकसान को कम किया जा सकता है। https://www.amarujala.com/himachal-pradesh/kullu/clouds-rained-in-shakti-marod-early-flood-system-sent-information-to-the-project-kullu-news-c-89-1-ssml1015-127620-2024-07-27  (27 July 2024)

Study Unregulated tourism as a cause for flood risk A new study looks into the flood vulnerability of Kullu valley by integrating both geoenvironmental and socioenvironmental analyses. The researchers say that the study was conducted after taking cognisance of the large-scale economic and other losses due to two previous flood events in the region. The study puts forward solutions to mitigate the impact of extreme weather events, including a more efficient early warning system and regulating tourism. https://india.mongabay.com/2024/07/flood-risk-study-of-himalayan-valley-highlights-unregulated-tourism-as-a-cause/  (29 July 2024)

URBAN FLOODS

Mumbai City should look beyond Chitale Committee report In the aftermath of the July 2005 flood, the fact-finding committee submitted its report within nine months. The Madhav Chitale Committee report was widely hailed on two counts – for showing Mumbai’s grave deficiencies in flood management and suggesting a framework for the future. Since then, city authorities have used it as a benchmark of work done or to be done. However, a review of its recommendations is urgently needed because climate change has overtaken them. This now calls for a holistic ecological guideline for the city of which flood management is only a part. https://questionofcities.org/why-mumbai-should-look-beyond-chitale-committee-report/  (27 July 2024)

By cartoonist Alok July 20, 2024.

Delhi 3 students drown in flooded basement at IAS coaching centre In a major mishap at Rau’s IAS coaching centre in central Delhi’s Old Rajender Nagar, three students drowned after rainwater accumulated on the road flooded the library in the basement on Saturday (July 27) evening. Two of the dead were girls, the third was a male student. There were 30 students in all at the coaching centre. Twenty-seven either escaped or were rescued but the three got trapped.

-The water that collected in Rau’s IAS coaching centre in Old Rajender Nagar on Saturday (July 27) ultimately filled its basement, causing a death and creating a severe situation that required the intervention of divers. Students at the spot described the situation as “horrific” and one they had never imagined being caught in. Some students also claimed a similar condition a week ago when the street there had waist-deep rainwater.

-UPSC aspirant Rahul Pawar, 29, said, “The force of water was so great that the gate of the building fell down and water flowed into the basement that houses the library.” Some students corroborated what a representative of the coaching centre claimed about a car having passed at great speed and caused water to flow into the building. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/3-students-drown-in-flooded-basement-at-delhi-ias-coaching-centre/articleshowprint/112072808.cms  (28 July 2024)

Student had flagged basement coaching centre risk month before deaths. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/delhi-coaching-centre-flooding-ias-mcd-civic-body-students-died-safety-measures-2573122-2024-07-29  (29 July 2024)

Waterlogging woes continue as Delhi relies on 1976 master plan. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/waterlogging-woes-continue-as-delhi-relies-on-1976-master-plan/article68457371.ece  (29 July 2024)

Dehradun भगत सिंह कॉलोनी की सड़कों पर दिखे बाढ़ से तबाही के निशान मंगलवार (July 23)की रात रिस्पना नदी में अचानक बाढ़ आ गई। नदी से सटे तरला आमवाला, एमडीडीए कॉलोनी, मोहिनी कॉलोनी, भगत सिंह कॉलोनी सहित कई मोहल्लों में बाढ़ का पानी भर गया। सूचना पर फायर ब्रिगेड, एसडीआरएफ और नगर निगम की टीमों ने बुधवार (July 24) को राहत-बचाव कार्य शुरू किया था। बाढ़ की चपेट में आने से कई परिवार बेघर हो गए। उनके घरों में मलबा और पानी भर गया। सामान खराब हो गया। बृहस्पतिवार (July 26) दूसरे दिन इन कॉलोनियों की सड़कों पर जगह-जगह गंदगी का अंबार लगा रहा। नालियों में कीचड़ भर रहा। लोगों का आरोप है कि नगर निगम की टीम दूसरे दिन मौके पर पहुंची। गंदगी से संक्रामक बीमारियां फैलने के खतरे को देखते हुए लोगों ने खुद ही गलियों और सड़कों पर सफाई अभियान चलाया।https://www.amarujala.com/dehradun/signs-of-devastation-due-to-floods-were-visible-dehradun-news-c-5-1-drn1031-463470-2024-07-26  (26 July 2024)

CLOUD BURSTS

Himachal Pradesh अंजनी महादेव में फटा बादल, पलचान में भारी नुकसान -हिमाचल प्रदेश के मनाली में सोलंगनाला के साथ लगते अंजनी महादेव मे मध्यरात्रि बादल फटने से पलचान में भारी तबाही हुई है। पलचान पुल पर मलबा आने से मनाली लेह मार्ग अवरुद्ध हो गया है। बादल फटने से आई बाढ़ से पलचान में एक मकान भी ढह गया। https://www.amarujala.com/shimla/himachal-pradesh-weather-today-cloud-burst-in-anjani-mahadev-of-manali-chances-of-rain-in-today-and-tomorrow-2024-07-25  (25 July 2024)

Uttarakhand Cloudburst in Uttarkashi causes flash floods A cloudburst on Thursday (July 25) night unleashed flash floods, causing the Yamuna River to surge dramatically and inflicting widespread damage to properties due to the powerful water currents. The water level rose alarmingly, reaching the parking area in Jankichatti, and resulting in the collapse of embankments in Yamunotri Dham and the security wall of the bridge leading to the revered Yamunotri temple. According to government sources, three ponies and a motorcycle were swept away in Jankichatti due to the flash flooding. The sudden and intense rainfall caused widespread destruction in the region, with multiple reports of damage and disruption.

Heavy rainfall at the source of the Yamuna River has caused significant damage to the temple complex in Yamunotri Dham. The temple committee’s office, kitchen, and other structures have also been affected. Purushottam Uniyal, president of the Purohit Mahasabha, confirmed that while there have been no casualties, properties have suffered damage. He attributed the extensive damage to the temple complex to the accumulation of debris, boulders, and stones at the mouth of the Yamuna River.

According to the Uttarkashi District Disaster Management Office, the registration center near Ram Mandir on the Jankichatti-Yamunotri pedestrian route has been damaged. Additionally, the Yamunotri Highway is blocked at Ojri Dabarkot, preventing government officials from reaching Yamunotri Dham from Barkot. Gangotri Dham Rawal Harish Semwal told this newspaper, “The Ganges has assumed a fierce form, and mild earthquake tremors were felt late at night, causing panic in the region for a while.” A massive landslide, triggered by the cloudburst, has blocked the Madhyamaheshwar route, stranding 105 pilgrims and tourists. https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Jul/26/cloudburst-in-uttarkashi-causes-flash-floods-105-stranded-pilgrims-airlifted-as-yamuna-overflows  (26 July 2024)

Several structures in Yamunotri Dham area were damaged after water levels of the Yamuna river from Yamunotri area and the areas downstream up to Janki Chatti had surged due to heavy overnight rains, said district disaster management officials in Uttarkashi district.

“Due to the rise in the water level of the Yamuna River, the room of the Purohit Sabha on the banks of the river in Yamunotri Dham was partially damaged along with the generator and street light of the temple committee office”, Devendra Patwal, district disaster management officer Uttarkashi. He said the debris entered the low-lying areas around the temple and damaged the registration centre of the tourism department near Ram temple.

“The flood-like situation experienced in Yamunotri Dham area triggered by heavy rains from 10pm on Thursday (July 25) to 2pm on Friday (July 26) led to widespread damage to the infrastructure, the kitchen was also damaged and the high-mast lights near the Yamuna temple’s main entrance was also swept away in the overflowing water from the river”, Purshottam Uniyal, president Purohit Mahasabha Yamunotri shrine said. The Yamunotri Dham shrine is located in a narrow gorge at an altitude of 3,293 metres close to the source of Yamuna River in Uttarkashi district. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/dehradun-news/structures-near-yamunotri-dham-area-damaged-after-river-swells-due-to-heavy-rain-101721985648614.html  (26 July 2024)

उत्‍तरकाशी में भारी बारिश से तबाही, यमुना नदी में उफान से तटबंध बहे उत्‍तरकाशी में गुरुवार (July 25) रात को भारी बारिश हुई, जिस कारण यमुना नदी उफान पर आ गई और तबाही ला दी। जानकीचट्टी में बनी पार्किंग तक यमुना का जल स्तर पहुंच गया। यमुनोत्री धाम में तटबंध बह गए। यमुनोत्री मंदिर को जोड़ने वाले पुल की सुरक्षा दीवार भी बह गई। जानकीचट्टी क्षेत्र में रात्रि में हुई अतिवृष्टि से तीन खच्चर व एक मोटरसाइकिल भी बह गई। जानकीचट्टी पार्किंग के पास कटाव हुआ और शुभम पैलेस होटल के आगे रोड की दीवार क्षतिग्रस्त हो गई https://www.jagran.com/uttarakhand/uttarkashi-uttarakhand-weather-update-uttarakhand-weather-embankments-washed-away-due-to-yamuna-river-flood-bridge-wall-collapsed-in-yamunotri-dham-23765884.html  (26 July 2024)

मायके में यमुना का प्रभाव किया जा रहा है अवरुद्ध -The flash flood destruction at Yamunotri Shrine and Janaki Chhatti in night hours July 25 is a result of construction of parking lot, tourist facilites, river taming structures in flood zone apart from chocking river course with massive amount of debris that too in violation of norms as highlights April 18, 2022 report also quoting BS Rawat associate coordinator SANDRP. https://www.jagran.com/uttarakhand/uttarkashi-the-effect-of-yamuna-is-being-blocked-in-the-maternal-house-22638660.html  (18 April 2024)

Flash flood devastates Tehri villages as rivers change course  A sudden flash flood, triggered by the Dharma Ganga and Bal Ganga rivers changing course, hit multiple villages in Tehri Garhwal on Friday (July 26) night, causing severe damage to infrastructure. The flash flood had triggered a landslide in Toli village, resulting in the deaths of a mother and her daughter, who were buried under debris while sleeping in their home on Saturday (July 27) morning. Over half a dozen villages in the Bhilangana block, including Pinswar, Poti, Agunda, Bisan, Kot, Toli, Jakhana, and Giwali, have been completely cut off due to the rain-related disaster.

Numerous canals have been damaged in areas such as Syora Tok Toli, Chauri Tok, Sera to Khanjar, Dugai Tok, Ghat Tok Vishan, Phakora, Kemriya Soud, Kothiyada, Kothiyada Kidar, Chamiyala, Andriya Mantgaon, Siras, Jakhali Pilkhi, Baur, and Silasera, the district administration said.

In Ghansali tehsil, flash floods disrupted many water supply pipelines, including those in Thati Budhakedar, Jhala, Kot Vishan, Sendul Sinsargad, Chamiyala Padoka, Pinswad, Kot Budhakedar, Agunda, Khawada, Daalgaon, Kundyali, Kundyali-Saula, Gewali, and Toli. Additionally, one water supply scheme in Toli village and another in Jakhana village have been damaged. The incident also severely impacted agriculture in the Nyaya Panchayat Budhakedar. Around 0.15ha of crops in Bhigun village, 0.20ha in Tingad, and 0.25ha in Toli have been affected, said an official.

A major landslide damaged over a dozen houses in Tingad village, located 4km from Budhakedar. Fortunately, almost 50 families, comprising 70 people, had been relocated to a safer location before the landslide occurred. They are now sheltered at Vinaykhal Govt Inter-College, with necessary arrangements made by the district administration. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/flash-flood-devastates-tehri-villages-due-to-river-course-change/articleshow/112092714.cms  (29 July 2024)

-उत्तराखंड के आपदा विभाग के अनुसार 15 जून से 25 जुलाई की शाम साढ़े पांच बजे तक प्राकृतिक आपदाओं से 27 लोग मारे गए थे, 16 घायल थे और एक लापता। इसी तरह 48 पशुओं को गंभीर नुकसान पहुंचा और 141 को आंशिक। वहीं 8 घर पूरी तरह नष्ट हो गए, जबकि 64 को ज्यादा और 560 को मामूली नुकसान हुआ।  इस अवधि के दौरान 1973 सड़कों को नुकसान पहुंचा, जिनमें से 1868 रो 25  जुलाई की शाम तक खोल लिया गया था और 105 को खोला जाना बाकी था।https://hindi.downtoearth.org.in/weather/forecast-of-landslides-and-flash-floods-in-uttarakhand-is-possible  (26 July 2024)

Ladakh people pray that there is no intense rainfall after experiencing disasters due to such rains in 2010 and 2015. There were also floods due to such rains on July 21 2023.

LANDSLIDES

Karnataka Fear of landslide, relentless rain and undying human spirit At least eight bodies have so far been recovered after the devastating landslide hit Ankola in Shirur of Uttara Kannada district in Karnataka on Tuesday, July 16.

-South First spoke to a team of volunteers who arrived in Shirur during the initial stages of the rescue operation. On behalf of the Kurachundu Rescue Team (KRT), Biju Kakkayam said, “The terrain in Shirur is nothing short of a nightmare. Every inch of this land seems to be on edge, a landslide looming. The rain is relentless, coming down in heavy sheets, accompanied by gusty winds.”

-Besides the unstable slopes, the Gangavalli River, which the locals call Bedthi, is in full fury. “They say it overflows during the monsoon, inundating everything in its path. Right now, it’s a raging torrent,” Biju Kakkayam said.

-Biju Kakkayam said that the debris in the river has created a monstrous island-like structure right in the middle, creating a dam-like structure that has blocked the flow of the river. The stream of the river has split in two around this island. “Imagine trying to reach this unstable mass in the middle of a churning river. It’s a death-defying task,” he said, commending the efforts of the rescue team from the Indian Navy.

-“It needed a swift, coordinated response,” he said, “From the outset, our assessment of a multi-pronged approach, encompassing land, river, and downstream searches, appeared logical. Even so, when we reached the disaster site, the reality was starkly different,” he said, adding that even though it was clear to him and members of his team that the search needed to expand into the river, the authorities were land-centric in their approach and appeared to prioritize restoring traffic flow on National Highway 66.

-“That left us baffled. Time was slipping away,” he said, adding that the influx of politicians caused a flurry of activity. “The rescue mission appeared to lack the cohesion needed at a time of crisis,” he said, adding that he hoped lessons would be learnt from this ordeal. A scientific protocol is necessary, for effective disaster response, he said, “The ability to swiftly assess the situation and deploy resources efficiently could mean the difference between life and death.”

-“As we stand here, in this wreckage of hope, it’s impossible to shake off the feeling of what might have been, had the operation been more comprehensively planned and executed. Perhaps the outcome would have been different,” he said. https://thesouthfirst.com/kerala/shirur-landslide-volunteer-flags-issues-of-concern-as-mission-enters-day-12/  (27 July 2024)

Unscientific construction along NH-66 caused landslide: Minister Revenue Minister Krishna Byre Gowda has claimed that unscientific road construction along National Highway 66 was responsible for the landslide near the Shirur region of Ankola in the Uttara Kannada district on July 16. Seven people have died in the incident and several others are still missing. “In Karwar, near Ankola, a landslide has occurred on the national highway. While constructing the national highway, they have cut the hill in a steep manner, it is almost a vertical cut. When a hill is cut for an infrastructure project, a slope is usually provided in order to prevent landslides in the rainy season,” Byre Gowda said in the state legislature on Friday (July 19), speaking about the road construction measures deployed to expand the highway. https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/unscientific-construction-nh-66-landslide-shirur-karnataka-minister-krishna-byre-gowda-9465519/  (20 July 2024)

7 feared dead in landslide Uttara Kannada Around seven people are feared dead after a massive landslide on NH 66 in Uttara Kannada on Tuesday (July 16). Revenue Minister Krishna Byre Gowda said that the landslide took place on the highway due to heavy rains and seven people from Shiruru village in Uttara Kannada are feared dead.

-A road-side eatery was buried in the landslide. Gowda said that drivers of two gas tankers had stopped by for a tea break when mud and rocks plunged down the hill. Around four people working at the eatery and both drivers of the tankers are among those feared dead. The landslide, which was triggered by incessant rains, also swept away tankers into the Gangavali river flowing on the other side of the road. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/karnataka/story/karnataka-uttara-kannada-landslide-dead-injured-heavy-rain-2567748-2024-07-16  (16 July 2024)

Odisha Landslide in Malkangiri, 19 villages cut off -As many as 18 villages of Nakamamudi panchayat under the Korukunda block in Malkangiri district remained cut off from the rest of the world following a massive landslide at Bayapada ghati triggered by incessant rainfall in the district on Saturday (July 27). While the landslide has disrupted vehicular movement, the locals have constructed a temporary wooden bridge risking their lives for transportation. Though the district administration is aware of the development, the rainfall has slowed down the restoration and clearance work, sources said. This is not the first time when a landslide has hit the Bayapada ghati. Last year also a major landslide had affected normal life in the region. https://odishatv.in/news/odisha/incessant-rainfall-triggers-massive-landslide-in-malkangiri-19-villages-cut-off-240175   (27 July 2024)

Himachal Pradesh One person was killed and three others injured after shooting stones hit a Bolero Camper vehicle near Datiyar on the Parwanoo-Dharampur section of National Highway-5, around 3:17 am on Monday (July 29) The vehicle carrying a Punjab-based vernacular daily was bound for Shimla from Jalandhar. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/phagwara-man-dies-after-shooting-stones-hit-his-vehicle-on-chandigarh-shimla-highway-near-dharampur-644474  (29 July 2024) NHAI used ‘unscientific methods’ to construct Parwanoo-Solan NH: Shimla ex-dy mayor. https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/nhai-used-unscientific-methods-to-construct-parwanoo-solan-nh-shimla-ex-dy-mayor-101690825009562.html  (31 July 2023)

ENVIRONMENT GOVERNANCE

Report Crackdown on civil society & environmental NGOs continues -The crackdown on civil society organisations comes as public participation in environmental clearance norms is facing a setback. https://india.mongabay.com/2024/07/crackdown-on-civil-society-and-environmental-ngos-continues/  (24 July 2024)

Manual scavenging finds no mention in union budget The Telegraph newspaper reported that Safai Karmachari Andolan (SKA), a civil society organisation fighting for the eradication of manual scavenging, collated data on the death of manual scavengers between February 1 and July 23 when Union finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented the full budget for 2024-25. According to the data, 43 manual scavengers died during the period, which was between the vote-on-account and Union budget presented this year by Sitharaman. https://thewire.in/rights/despite-unabated-deaths-manual-scavenging-finds-no-mention-in-union-budget  (28 July 2024)

SOUTH ASIA

Bhutan Ambitious 10,000MW hydropower goal back in the plan The government plans to kick start construction of 10 large hydropower projects in the 13th Plan. Bhutan hopes to generate more than 10,000MW of electricity once these large hydropower projects are commissioned. The 10 large hydropower projects include 404MW Nyera Amari, 600MW Kholongchu, 1,125MW Dorjilung, 180MW Bunakha, 900MW Wangchhu, 363MW Khomachhu, 170MW Dangchhu, 770MW Chamkharchhu-I, 2,585MW/4,060MW Sankosh, and 2,800MW Kuri-Gongri. Of these the 1,125MW Dorjilung and 180MW Bunakha storage scheme projects will be executed first, their DPRs are being updated. For the 1,125MW Dorjilung project, the World Bank has been requested to lead the financing consortium. This project is expected to start by Oct 2025 and completed by Oct 2031. For the 180MW Bunakha project, the Asian Development Bank has been requested to lead the financing consortium. This project is expected to start by Feb 2026 and completed by Feb 2032.

Over the next five years, the government plans to increase the installed capacity of hydropower generation by 3,119 MW, bringing the total installed capacity to approximately 5,500 MW. For this initiative, the government has allocated a budget of Nu 527 billion, outside the 13th Plan. The Technical Coordination Committee will meet in New Delhi in Aug 2025 to take a final call on the construction of the dam on the right side of the Punatshangchhu-I dam site. https://kuenselonline.com/ambitious-10000mw-hydropower-goal-back-in-the-plan/  (25 Jul 2024)   

THE REST OF THE WORLD

Russia Dam collapses in Chelyabinsk region, forcing hundreds to flee Heavy rainfall led to the collapse of a reservoir dam in the Ural Mountains region of Chelyabinsk on July 26 night, Russian authorities said, forcing residents of nearby villages to evacuate their homes.

A 500 m long dam built in 1979, at the Kialimskoye reservoir broke, unleashing a flood torrent toward four villages in the Karabash district. Its inflow comes from the Indishta and Bolshoy Kialim rivers. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/07/26/dam-collapses-in-russias-chelyabinsk-region-forcing-hundreds-to-flee-a85848  (26 July 2024)

USA Hydro power and de-risking climate change Hydroepower globally is facing climate  change-induced challenges. California is a prime example, said Lindsay Aramayo, who is an economist with the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). The state was facing its third straight drought year in 2022, and less water was flowing. That year, she said hydropower represented 8% of California’s generating mix, where it normally makes up 15% during a good year. “There are bad years, there are also good ones and they seem to fluctuate a lot,” said Aramayo. https://www.hydroreview.com/technology-and-equipment/hydro-power-and-de-risking-climate-change/  (18 July 2024)

France Olympic dreams sink as Seine water quality remains sticking point Organizers decided to scrap the swimming leg of the triathlon familiarization scheduled for Sunday (July 28) morning following a water quality assessment meeting. The meeting included representatives from World Triathlon, along with city and regional authorities. Swimming in the Seine has been banned for over a century in large part due to poor water quality. Organizers have invested $1.5 billion to prepare the Seine for these Games, and the government has said the river would be clean enough to hold events, including the swimming portion of the triathlon and the marathon swimming event. https://www.dailysabah.com/sports/olympic-dreams-sink-as-seine-water-quality-remains-sticking-point/news  (28 July 2024)

Compiled by SANDRP (ht.sandrp@gmail.com)

Also see: DRP News Bulletin 22 July 2024 & DRP News Bulletin 15 July 2024  

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