An analysis of the daily district wise rainfall data from India Meteorological Department (IMD) for India’s South West Monsoon 2023 shows that there were 2176 instances when a district rainfall of a day was above 50 mm. Such high rainfall instances included 1759 instances when rainfall was 50-100 mm, 329 instances when it was 100-150 mm, 64 times it was 150-200 mm and 24 times above 200 mm. Out of 717 districts of India, 531 districts or, about 74% of the districts experienced such high rainfall days during SW monsoon 2023.
The month wise break of the high rainfall district days during the monsoon months of June 2023[i], July 2023[ii], Aug 2023[iii] and Sept 2023[iv] are in respective articles in detail. Here we will look at the month wise figures of such instances in each of the states for SW Monsoon 2023. We will do it by looking at five regions of India: North, East, North East, West and South India. Detailed articles on June[v], June-July 2023[vi], June-Aug 2023[vii] and Monsoon 2023[viii] provide more information about district wise, state wise rainfall in respective months.
NORTH EAST INDIA: Arunachal Pradesh The number of district days that experienced high rainfall events in Arunachal Pradesh in each of the four months of SW Monsoon 2023 is given in table below.
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 9 (16) | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
| July 2023 | 10 | 30 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 35 |
| Aug 2023 | 8 | 25 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
| Sept 2023 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 11 (16) | 84 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 92 |
In Arunachal Pradesh, the highest number of such events happened in East Siang (22), Lower Dibang Valley (20) and Papumpare (15 + 3 in early Oct) districts. Thus three districts alone had 57 (+3) out of 84 such events in the state. These three districts also had the highest such number in SW monsoon 2021 and 2022. East Siang, Papum Pare, Tirap and Upper Siang districts had such events in each of the four monsoon months.
Assam
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 18 (27) | 58 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 72 |
| July 2023 | 8 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Aug 2023 | 15 | 28 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 34 |
| Sept 2023 | 11 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 22 (27) | 124 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 144 |
The highest number of such instances happened in Barpeta (16), Dhemaji (14) and Chirang (13). Chirang and Kokrajhar had such instances in all four monsoon months.
Meghalaya
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 9 (11) | 33 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 54 |
| July 2023 | 7 | 20 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 36 |
| Aug 2023 | 10 | 32 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 39 |
| Sept 2023 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 11 (11) | 90 | 26 | 11 | 8 | 135 |
All the districts of Meghayala had a number of such instances. East Garo Hills (17), E Khasi Hills (33) and SW Khasi Hills (33) had the highest number of such instances. East Garo Hills, S Garo Hills and SW Khasi Hills had such instances in all four monsoon months. In fact, Meghalaya had some 8 instances (16 in Monsoon 2022) when a day’s rainfall exceeded 200 mm.
Nagaland
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (11) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| July 2023 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Aug 2023 | 6 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| Sept 2023 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 10 (11) | 19 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 22 |
Wokha had the highest number of such instances at 4. None of the districts had such instances in all four monsoon months.
Manipur
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 4 (9) | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| July 2023 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Aug 2023 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Sept 2023 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 6 (9) | 20 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
Imphal W (9) had the highest no of such instances, followed by Tamenglong (4).
Mizoram
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 5 (8) | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Aug 2023 | 7 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
| Sept 2023 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 8 (8) | 29 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 30 |
Serchhip (6), Lawngtlai (5), Kolasib (5), Saiha (5) had 21 of the 30 instances of Mizoram. All the districts of the state had one or more instances when rainfall was over 50 mm in SW monsoon 2023.
Tripura
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 6 (8) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| July 2023 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Aug 2023 | 6 | 13 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
| Sept 2023 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 8 (8) | 34 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 39 |
All 8 districts had one or more instances in SW Monsoon 2023 when rainfall was over 50 mm in a day. W Tripura had the highest no of district days (8) when daily rainfall exceeded 50 mm. Three districts (W Tripura, S Tripura and Sipahijala) had rainfall over 100 mm on Aug 7, 2023.
Sikkim
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 4 (4) | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
| July 2023 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Aug 2023 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Sept 2023 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 4 (4) | 24 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
S Sikkim district had the highest number of high rainfall events (9). Only S Sikkim had such a day in each of the four monsoon months. South Sikkim district had the least no of such incidents, at 1 in 2022, while it had the highest number in 2021.
The figures for the SW Monsoon 2023 for North East India are given in the table blow.
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in Monsoon 2023 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall over 200 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 11 (16) | 84 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 92 |
| Assam | 22 (27) | 124 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 144 |
| Meghalaya | 11 (11) | 90 | 26 | 11 | 8 | 135 |
| Nagaland | 10 (11) | 19 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 22 |
| Manipur | 6 (9) | 20 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Mizoram | 8 (8) | 29 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 30 |
| Tripura | 8 (8) | 34 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 39 |
| Sikkim | 4 (4) | 24 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
| North East India | 80 (94) | 424 | 64 | 12 | 9 | 509 |
So more than 85% of the districts in North East India had high rainfall day during SW Monsoon 2023, from 88% in 2022 and 80% in 2021, even in an year when seven out of eight states in NE India had below 100% rainfall. Like in 2022, seven of the eight NE states (Sikkim is the exception where rainfall was 5% above normal) had below normal rainfall with deficit ranging from 10% (Nagaland) to 46% (Manipur).
EAST INDIA: West Bengal
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 7 (19) | 23 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
| July 2023 | 6 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 18 |
| Aug 2023 | 12 | 24 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
| Sept 2023 | 9 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 19 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 13 (19) | 78 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 81 |
All six districts of Sub-Himalayan W Bengal had high rainfall days in Monsoon 2023. Jalpaiguri (20), Kochbihar (19) and Darjeeling (15) had the highest number of high rainfall days in Monsoon 2023, these three districts and also Malda and Uttar Dinajpur had such days in each of the four monsoon months.
Among the 13 districts of Gangetic W Bengal, E Medinipur & Howrah had the highest (5) instances when rainfall in a day was above 50 mm in SW Monsoon 2023. The only instance in W Bengal when rainfall exceeded 150 mm in a district was in Uttar Dinajpur on Sep 24, 2023. In 12 of the 19 districts of WB, there was at least one day in Oct 2023 when rainfall exceeded 50 mm in a day.
Odisha
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 12 (30) | 15 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
| July 2023 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
| Aug 2023 | 22 | 21 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 32 |
| Sept 2023 | 18 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 27 (30) | 75 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 92 |
The only two instances when rainfall in a day exceeded 200 mm in a day happened on Aug 2, 2023 in Bauda and Subranpur dists. Jharsuguda district had the highest (7) instances when rainfall was over 50 mm in a day.
Jharkhand
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (24) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| July 2023 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| Aug 2023 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| Sept 2023 | 10 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 18 (24) | 33 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 37 |
Sahebganj dist of Jharkhand had the highest (7) number of district days when rainfall exceeded 50 mm.
Bihar
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 12 (38) | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| July 2023 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| Aug 2023 | 23 | 35 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 43 |
| Sept 2023 | 19 | 15 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 26 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 32 (38) | 71 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 92 |
Bihar had 23% below normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023 (after 31% below normal in SW Monsoon 2022). Kishanganj, Purnia and Arariya had the highest number of high rainfall days at 7. The only district with a rainfall in a day exceeding 150 mm was Samastipur, on Sept 23. Sept 22-24 was the highest rainfall period in Bihar in SW Monsoon 2023 when at least 18 districts had at least one instance with day rainfall exceeding 50 mm, with total 26 such instances.
Uttar Pradesh
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 15 (75) | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 15 |
| July 2023 | 30 | 37 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 43 |
| Aug 2023 | 39 | 59 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 64 |
| Sept 2023 | 18 | 17 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 24 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 52 (75) | 125 | 20 | 2 | 0 | 147 |
Bijnor had the highest number of such instances (8), followed by Muzafarnagar (7) and Barabanki (7) districts. Two districts, Muradabad and Siddharthnagar had over 150 mm rainfall in a day on Sept 11 and Jul 1 respectively. Sept 11-12 seems to have been high rainfall days for UP with 20 instances when a district had over 50 mm rainfall in a day during this period.
EAST INDIA
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in SW Monsoon 2023 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall over 200 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| W Bengal | 13 (19) | 78 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 91 |
| Odisha | 27 (30) | 75 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 92 |
| Jharkhand | 18 (24) | 33 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 37 |
| Bihar | 32 (38) | 71 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 92 |
| UP | 52 (75) | 125 | 20 | 2 | 0 | 147 |
| East India | 142 (186) | 382 | 70 | 5 | 2 | 459 (399) |
So over 76% (77% in 2022 and 89% in 2021) of districts in East India had high rainfall days in SW Monsoon 2023. However, number of such instances per district is lower than that in NE India (509), even though number of districts is much larger in East India. The no of such instances are higher than those in 2022, even though the number of districts experiences such instances is almost same.
NORTH INDIA: Uttarakhand
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 4 (13) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| July 2023 | 11 | 21 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 25 |
| Aug 2023 | 8 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 22 |
| Sept 2023 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 13 (13) | 56 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 62 (45) |
Uttarakhand had 4% below normal rainfall during SW Monsoon 2023 (3% deficit in 2022 and 2% deficit in 2021). While there were 42 such instances in 2021, in 2022 number of such events have gone up to 45 now further up to 62. This in a way shows the increasing tendency of higher intensity rainfall events.
None of the districts had high rainfall days in all the four monsoon months in SW Mosoon 2023 (two in 2022, none in 2021). Dehradun had the highest number of such days at twelve (Bageshwar also had the highest such days in 2022 at 12 and in 2021 at nine), followed by Bageshwar (9) and Udham Singh Nagar (8). Like in 2021 and 2022 monsoon, Bageshwar had the highest rainfall of over 2095 mm, and highest surplus % at 164%, while second placed Dehradun (1968 mm rainfall) had 36% above normal rainfall.
Haryana
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (22) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| July 2023 | 12 | 21 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 28 |
| Aug 2023 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Sept 2023 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 13 (22) | 29 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 36 (32) |
In 2021 monsoon, Haryana had 46 high rainfall district days, that has come down in 2022 monsoon to 32 and now to 36. Only Panchkula had a day rainfall exceeding 150 mm, on July 9 2023.
Yamunanagar district had the highest (6) high rainfall days, Ambala and Panchkula had five each. Kurukshetra had the highest Surplus % rainfall at 100%. However, the highest rainfall district was Yamunanagar. The state rainfall was 1% below normal in 2023 monsoon.
Chandigarh Chanidgarh had five high rainfall days (Three in July and Two in August) during SW Monsoon 2023, rainfall was 43% above normal. On July 9, rainfall was massive 290 mm.
Delhi
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 2 (9) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| July 2023 | 8 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 15 |
| Aug 2023 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Sept 2023 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 8 (9) | 21 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 23 (23) |
The number of district days when rainfall exceeded 50 mm in a day were 42 in 2021 monsoon, has dropped to almost half at 23 each in 2023 and 2022 monsoon. Delhi state had normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023.
Like in 2022 monsoon, Central and East Delhi districts in Delhi State had the highest number (4 each) of high rainfall days in 2023, while North East Delhi had none. Central Delhi also had the highest % surplus rainfall at 41% and the highest monsoon rainfall at 937.6 mm. On July 9 East and New Delhi had over 100 mm rainfall in a day. On that day, four other districts had rainfall over 50 mm in a day.
Punjab
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 1 (22) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| July 2023 | 15 | 18 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 27 |
| Aug 2023 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Sept 2023 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 16 (22) | 23 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 32 (31) |
The number of high rainfall district days in Punjab in SW Monsoon 2023 were 32, up from 31 in 2022 and 27 in 2021.
Punjab had 7% below normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2021, and 6% in 2022 and 5% below normal in 2023. SAS Nagar (Kapurthala in 2021 monsoon) had the highest number (4) of high rainfall days among all the Punjab districts both in 2023 and 2022. Like in 2021 and 2022 monsoon, Pathankot had the highest rainfall among all the districts, and had three high rainfall days. July 9-11 was the highest rainfall phase in Punjab, during which phase 18 of state’s 32 high rainfall days occurred.
Himachal Pradesh
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (12) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| July 2023 | 11 | 16 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 32 |
| Aug 2023 | 8 | 20 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 27 |
| Sept 2023 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 11 (12) | 42 | 17 | 6 | 0 | 65 (21) |
The total of high rainfall district days in HP has massively gone up in SW Monsoon 2023 to 65 from 21 in 2022 and 17 in 2021. HP had 19% above normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023 from 3% below normal in the previous year.
Mandi district had the highest number of high rainfall days among HP districts in SW monsoon 2023 at 11 (it was Sirmour in 2021 with 5 such instances and Kangra in 2022 with six), followed by Sirmour having nine such days, it had five each such days in SW Monsoon 2021 and 2022. The above 150 mm days were two each in Bilaspur and Sirmaur and one each in Kangra and Una. July 9-11 was the highest rainfall period, when there were 26 instances of above 50 mm a day rainfall in a district, ten of them were 100-150 mm a day rainfall days and four 150-200 mm a day rainfall days. Like in SW Monsoon 2021 and 2022, Kangra had the highest rainfall among HP districts in SW Monsoon 2023, but Solan had the highest % above normal rainfall at 72%, it had eight high rainfall days in SW Monsoon 2023.
Jammu & Kashmir
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (20) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| July 2023 | 9 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Aug 2023 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Sept 2023 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 9 (20) | 22 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 30 (50) |
The number of high rainfall events in J&K in SW Monsoon 2023 was 30, compared to 50 in 2022. In 2023, only 9 districts of J&K had such events, in 2022 15. J&K had 5% above normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023, in 2022, it was 6% above normal.
Samba, Riasi and Kathua districts had 8, 7 and 6 high rainfall days respectively in SW Monsoon 2023 (Riasi had the highest such number in 2022 and 2021 Monsoon at 8 & 6). Kathua had over 200 mm rainfall in a day on July 9 and Riasi had over 150 mm in a day on July 19.
Ladakh The two districts of Ladakh had no high rainfall days in SW monsoon 2023. The total monsoon rainfall of Kargil was 32.2 mm (almost same as in 2022 at 32.3 mm) and that of Leh & Ladakh 49.3 mm, 210% and 90% above normal respectively.
NORTH INDIA
| State/ Union Territory | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in SW Monsoon 2023 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall over 200 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Uttarakhand | 13 (13) | 56 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 62 |
| Haryana | 13 (22) | 29 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 36 |
| Chandigarh | 1 (1) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Delhi | 8 (9) | 21 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
| Punjab | 16 (22) | 23 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 32 |
| Himachal P | 11 (12) | 42 | 17 | 6 | 0 | 65 |
| J & Kashmir | 9 (20) | 22 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 30 |
| Ladakh | 0 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| North India | 71 (101) | 195 (188) | 42 (20) | 13 (1) | 3 (0) | 253 (209) |
While the number of districts having high rainfall days has gone down in 2023 compared to those in 2022, the total number of instances with high rainfall dist days has gone up for all high rainfall ranges: 50-100 mm, 100-150 mm, 150-200 mm and above 200 mm.
WEST INDIA: Rajasthan This traditionally low rainfall area of India with ten districts had no days with district rainfall over 50 mm on any day in SW Monsoon 2021 in any district. This in SW Monsoon 2021 when seasonal rainfall in this region was 20% above normal. The norm for high rainfall day needs to be reduced in case of regions like Ladakh and W Rajasthan, but question is what can be considered a high rainfall day for these regions?
Rajasthan
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 12 (33) | 8 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 16 |
| July 2023 | 7 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| Aug 2023 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Sept 2023 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 11 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 23 (33) | 30 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 41 (49) |
Rajasthan had 15% above normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023 (36% above normal in 2022), with only one (5 and 4 in 2022 and 2021) district having rainfall over 1000 mm, Sirohi having the highest rainfall at 1268 mm. Sirohi (Sirohi in 2022 and Baran in 2021) district had the highest number of high rainfall days at 7 among all the districts of Rajasthan. Banswara had four, while Dholpur and Pratapgarh had three each.
June 18-19 had the highest number of high rainfall days in Rajasthan, with 13 high rainfall district days on just these two dates, with both instances of rainfall in a day above 200 (one each in Jalore and Sirohi, both on June 18) and 5 of the 6 instances of rainfall of 150-200 mm in a day and one of the three instances of rainfall of 100-150 mm in a day falling on these dates.
Madhya Pradesh
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 24 (52) | 30 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 33 |
| July 2023 | 18 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
| Aug 2023 | 29 | 38 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 51 |
| Sept 2023 | 29 | 31 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 50 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 51 (52) | 125 | 29 | 4 | 2 | 160 (202) |
While MP had Normal rainfall during SW Monsoon 2023 (23% above normal in 2022), Narshimapura, Seoni and Ratlam (Bhopal, Rajgarh and Narmadapuram in 2022) districts had the highest rainfall (Guna, Sheopur and Shivpuri in 2021). Burhanpur (8), Narshimapura (7) and Seoni (7) had the highest number of high rainfall days in 2023 (Bhopal and Narmadapuram in 2022 with eleven each and Guna in 2021 had 8 such days). 15-18 Sept 2023 was the highest rainfall phase in 2023, with 35 instances of high rainfall instances in this period alone with both instances when rainfall in a day exceeded 200 mm (Alirajpur and Jhabua districts) and 3 out of 4 instances when rainfall was in the range 150-200 mm.
Diu, Daman, Dadar & Nagarhaveli
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (3) | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| July 2023 | 3 | 16 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 23 |
| Aug 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sept 2023 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 3 (3) | 25 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 35 |
Since following a parliamentary amendment in Dec 2019, the two separate Union Territories of Diu-Daman and Dadar-Nagarhaveli were merged, we have given the information about high rainfall days for this accordingly this year. Rainfall here in SW Monsoon 2023 was 12% above normal at 2476.5 mm. 18 of the 35 high rainfall days were in Dadar-Nagarhaveli district. However, none of the three districts had any high rainfall days in August 2023. Diu had the least rainfall among the three districts, but the highest surplus at 44%.
Gujarat
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 18 (33) | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 21 | 47 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 65 |
| Aug 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sept 2023 | 18 | 18 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 28 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 31 (33) | 69 | 25 | 3 | 1 | 98 (137) |
Gujarat state had 18% above normal rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023, compared to 27% surplus in 2022. So number of high rainfall district days have come down to 98 compared to 137 in 2022. Only two districts had no high rainfall district days: Ahmedabad and Surendranagar. Valsad had the highest number of such days (16), followed by Junagarh (11), Navsari (9) and Dangs (9). Only Gir Somnath had a day with rainfall over 200 mm, on July 19. Valsad had the highest rainfall at 2284 mm and Surendranagar had the lowest at 500.8 mm. Kutch had the highest surplus rainfall at 82%.
Goa
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 2 (2) | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| July 2023 | 2 | 24 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 33 |
| Aug 2023 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Sept 2023 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 2 (2) | 36 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 48 (35) |
During SW Monsoon 2023, Goa had 12% above normal rainfall, compared to 8% below normal in 2022. This is also reflected in increase in no of high rainfall days from 35 in 2022 to 48 in 2023. However, there was just one such instance in Aug 2023, in North Goa. Highest no of instances were in July 2023 in both districts.
Maharashtra
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 10 (36) | 25 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 32 |
| July 2023 | 21 | 87 | 24 | 7 | 3 | 121 |
| Aug 2023 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Sept 2023 | 10 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 18 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 24 (36) | 133 (163) | 33 (32) | 8 (8) | 3 (2) | 177 (205) |
SW Monsoon 2023 rainfall in Maharashtra was 3% below normal, compared to 23% above normal in 2022. This is also reflected in lower number of instances of high rainfall events in 2023 (177) compared to those in 2022 (205) as given in table above. The highest number of such instances were in seven districts of Konkan, which is the high rainfall region of Maharashtra. 134 of the 177 instances given in table above happened in Konkan districts with highest number of such instances in Raigarh (24). All fourteen instances when rainfall was above 150 mm happened in Konkan. Outside Konkan, the highest number of high rainfall events in SW Monsoon 2023 happened in Gadchiroli (5) and Kolhapur (5).
Chhattisgarh
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 12 (27) | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 18 |
| July 2023 | 10 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Aug 2023 | 19 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
| Sept 2023 | 15 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 27 (27) | 82 (94) | 7 (14) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 90 (110) |
The rainfall in SW Monsoon 2023 was 6% below normal, compared to 13% above normal in 2022. The number of instances of high rainfall event are thus come down to 90 from 110 in 2022. Baloda Bazar, Bijapur and Raipur districts had the highest number of such instances at 8 each. Bijapur also had the highest rainfall at 1701.9 mm, 24% above normal.
WEST INDIA
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in SW Monsoon 2023 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall over 200 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Rajasthan | 23 (33) | 30 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 41 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 51 (52) | 125 | 29 | 4 | 2 | 160 |
| Diu Daman, Dadra Nagahaveli | 3 (3) | 25 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 35 |
| Gujarat | 31 (33) | 69 | 25 | 3 | 1 | 98 |
| Goa | 2 (2) | 36 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 48 |
| Maharashtra | 24 (36) | 133 | 33 | 8 | 3 | 177 |
| Chhattisgarh | 27 (27) | 82 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 90 |
| West India | 161 (186) | 500 (628) | 115 (125) | 26 (24) | 8 (16) | 649 (793) |
The SW Monsoon 2023 had lower rainfall compared to 2022 in West India and this also gets reflected in in high rainfall events coming down to 649 in 2023 from 793 in 2022 (598 in 2021).
SOUTH INDIA: Andhra Pradesh
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 1 (26) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| July 2023 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Aug 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sept 2023 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 12 (26) | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 |
Telangana
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2022 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2022 | 0 (33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| July 2022 | 31 | 67 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 80 |
| Aug 2022 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Sept 2022 | 18 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 |
| SW Monsoon 2022 | 32 (33) | 95 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 108 (131) |
Tamil Nadu
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 2 (38) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| July 2023 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Aug 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sept 2023 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 6 (38) | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
Puducherry
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 0 (4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| July 2023 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Aug 2023 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Sept 2023 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 3 (4) | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 11 |
Karnataka
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 3 (31) | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| July 2023 | 6 | 39 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 52 |
| Aug 2023 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Sept 2023 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 7 (31) | 48 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 61 (143) |
Kerala
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 2 (14) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| July 2023 | 13 | 36 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 46 |
| Aug 2023 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Sept 2023 | 9 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 13 (14) | 79 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 91 |
Andaman & Nicobar Islands
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 2 (3) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| July 2023 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Aug 2023 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Sept 2023 | 3 | 15 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 21 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 3 (3) | 25 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 33 (22) |
Lakshadweep Islands
| Month | No of districts that had over 50 mm rainfall in at least one day in monsoon 2023 (total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when rainfall 150-200 mm | No of district days when rainfall 200+ mm | TOTAL no of dist days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| June 2023 | 0 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| July 2023 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Aug 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sept 2023 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| SW Monsoon 2023 | 1 (1) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
SOUTH INDIA
| State | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in SW Monsoon 2022 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall over 200 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| Andhra Pradesh | 12 (26) | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 |
| Telangana | 32 (33) | 95 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 108 |
| Tamil Nadu | 6 (38) | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Puducherry | 3 (4) | 8 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 11 |
| Karnataka | 7 (31) | 48 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 61 |
| Kerala | 13 (14) | 54 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 65 |
| Lakshadweep | 1 (1) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Andaman & Nicobar | 3 (3) | 25 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 33 |
| South India | 77 (150) | 258 | 38 | 8 | 2 | 306 (435) |
INDIA
| Region | Districts that had over 50 mm rainfall at least on one day in SW Monsoon 2023 (Total no of districts) | No of district days when rainfall 50-100 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 100-150 mm | No of district days when Rainfall 150-200 | No of district days when Rainfall over 200 mm | Total no of district days when rainfall over 50 mm |
| North East | 80 (94) | 424 | 64 | 12 | 9 | 509 |
| East | 142 (186) | 382 | 70 | 5 | 2 | 459 |
| North | 71 (101) | 195 | 42 | 13 | 3 | 253 |
| West | 161 (186) | 500 | 115 | 26 | 8 | 649 |
| South | 77 (136) | 258 | 38 | 8 | 2 | 306 |
| INDIA | 531 (717) | 1759 (1940) | 329 (323) | 64 (65) | 24 (49) | 2176 (2377) |
SANDRP (ht.sandrp@gmail.com)
[i] https://sandrp.in/2023/07/09/june-2023-high-rainfall-district-days-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[ii] https://sandrp.in/2023/08/07/high-rainfall-days-in-indias-districts-in-july-2023/
[iii] https://sandrp.in/2023/09/16/high-rainfall-days-in-indias-districts-in-august-2023/
[iv] https://sandrp.in/2023/11/01/high-rainfall-days-in-indias-districts-in-sept-2023/
[v] https://sandrp.in/2023/07/07/june-2023-district-wise-rainfall-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[vi] https://sandrp.in/2023/08/04/june-july-2023-district-wise-rainfall-in-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[vii] https://sandrp.in/2023/09/01/june-aug-2023-district-wise-rainfall-in-in-indias-sw-monsoon/
[viii] https://sandrp.in/2023/10/02/sw-monsoon-2023-district-wise-rainfall-in-india/
SANDRP 