In the just concluded three month pre monsoon season (March 1 to May 31, 2023) India received 146.6 mm rainfall, 12% above the normal rainfall of 130.6 mm as per the India Meteorological Department (IMD). In 2020[i] , 2021[ii] and 2022[iii] India received 158.5 mm, 155.2 mm and 130.6 or 20% above normal, 18% above normal and 1% below rainfall respectively. So this year, India has received much higher pre monsoon season rainfall in 2023 compared to that in 2022, but lower than that in 2021 and 2020.